Smart Computing and Systems Engineering - 2022 (SCSE 2022)
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Item Identifying the Influential Factors in Applying the Just-in-Time Delivery Method to the Material Supply Chain in Sri Lankan Apparel Companies(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Dissanayaka, D. M. N. D. B.; Kavirathna, C. A.Most apparel companies are facing inventory problems when storing raw materials and finished goods every year. Just in Time (JIT) delivery method can be an efficient solution for these problems as this method attempts to minimize the inventory level. Although apparel manufacturing companies were attempting to implement JIT delivery method, most of them were unable to sustain it. This paper focuses on giving suggestions to implement JIT method in apparel manufacturing companies. Necessary data was gathered from past studies and interviews with industry experts. Barriers to implementing JIT method and components of JIT method were identified. Thereafter, the most significant barriers and JIT-related components were identified using two separate AHP models. Then, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between the most significant components of JIT and the significant barriers to JIT. Then, recommendations and implications are discussed for guiding companies to implement JIT method by highlighting significant barriers for each JIT-related component.Item Success Factors and Performance Measures of Retail Pharmacies in Sri Lanka(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Pathirage, S. P. D. M.; Kavirathna, C. A.Improving the quality and performance of the healthcare environment can assist service providers in developing reliable, cost-effective, and long-lasting healthcare processes, allowing them to improve care delivery and patient outcomes. In a healthcare environment, retail pharmacies play an important role, mainly supporting the coordination of the supply chain because, in addition to the government sector, retail pharmacies are the point where people get medicines. Because of the increasing demand for the retail pharmacy sector, there is an urgent requirement to improve their performance to offer a better service. This study aims to identify key success factors associated with retail pharmacies in Sri Lanka and determine the impact of identified success factors on the performance measures. A literature survey and experts’ opinions identified the key success factors of Sri Lankan retail pharmacies. There was a total of 21 key success factors identified. A survey was done with 45 retail pharmacies in Sri Lanka, conducting interviews and questionnaires mainly with pharmacists, pharmacy owners, and pharmacy assistants. This study shows the relationship of key success factors with operational performance, financial performance, and customer satisfaction. Despite analyzing the success factors and performance measures separately, identifying the direct relationship between key success factors and how they have impacted the retail pharmacy performance based on the different aspects of indicators in Sri Lankan retail pharmacies is not yet considered in the literature published in the last decade. This study’s findings will help increase the overall performance of retail pharmacies in Sri Lanka, enabling patients to experience a better service.Item Network Design Optimization for Retail Distribution Supply Chain Considering Capacities of Distribution Centers under Disruptions(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Madhushan, K. G. Methmi; Kavirathna, C. A.Distribution in the retail supply chain (SC) is a core function of taking products to the customer. Supply chain network design (SCND) plays a major role in retail distribution in determining the best ways to locate facilities in the SCs. 100% availability of facilities can be identified as the most common limitation of much research conducted in a similar context due to the vulnerability of facing disruptions. Disruptions in SC are considered differently in research and numerous strategies are applied. However, direct shipping from suppliers to retailers has not much been focused on by previous studies although it is abundant in practice. This study develops a model for SCND under disruptions considering the direct shipping from suppliers to the retailers in the distribution network considering different levels of disruptions that occurred at distribution centers (DC). Linear programming technique is used in python language to build up suggested optimization model. Results of the model show the optimum distribution networks to use in the different disruption situations such as partial disruptions to the DCs and full DC disruptions that minimize the costs considering direct shipment. Overall, direct shipment can use to optimize SCND not only under disruptions but also in general conditions with the identification of marginal values in different factors involved. Identification of the costs in DC failures using this method can be used to enhance the resiliency of the DCs according to their importance.Item Identifying and Prioritizing Barriers to Adopting GSCM Practices in Sri Lankan Rubber Product Manufacturing Industry(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Peiris, M. P. P. L.; Kavirathna, C. A.; Wijayanayake, A. N.The rubber industry is one of the leading industries contributing to the Sri Lankan economy, but it is considered an industry with high environmental pollution potential. The competition and customer pressure coming from the international market have further highlighted the need for GSCM (Green Supply Chain Management). Therefore, focusing on GSCM is crucial but, the RPMI (Rubber Product Manufacturing Industry) in Sri Lanka is struggling to adopt GSCM. This study was conducted to identify and prioritize barriers to GSCM adoption in Sri Lankan RPMI and to find out the inter-relationships among barriers and GSCM practices. Through the literature review and expert opinions, eight barriers and five GSCM practices were identified and finalized. DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) was used to find cause and effect relationships and interrelationships among factors related to each GSCM practice. Findings showed that major existing barriers and their significant interrelationships differed depending on the GSCM practice. Lack of knowledge, skills and expertise, lack of information flow and lack of technology are the major existing barriers to adopting GSCM practices in Sri Lankan RPMI. The findings may assist managers in making better long-term decisions to successfully adopt GSCM practices in Sri Lankan RPMI.Item Identifying the Relationships of Green Drivers, Initiatives and Performance in the Third-Party Logistics Industry in Sri Lanka(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) De Silva, G. H. L. S.; Kavirathna, C. A.; Wijayanayake, A. N.The growing level of attention towards global warming, non-renewable resources reduction, and pollution reduction force the firms to implement sustainable green initiatives into their supply chains. The green supply chain concept is introduced to alleviate environmental degradation and control air, water, and waste pollution through the adoption of green practices in business processes. In the last few decades, sustainability issues have gained the increasing interest of society. Further, the corporate world has taken sustainable development as a promising criterion for achieving a wealthier world in which natural resources and the environment are preserved for future generations. Despite increasing interest in environmental issues, most industries have considered and addressed green supply chain management and practices. However, a comprehensive and updated assessment of the third-party logistics industry in the literature is still missing. The main objective of this study is to identify the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) drivers, initiatives, and performances which have a vital impact on reducing the adverse effect on the environment. To implement the GSCM initiatives, a survey was carried out with the experts in the third-party logistics companies in Sri Lanka. This study emphasizes that some factors of green drivers strongly influence the driver-initiative relationship, and the initiative factors strongly influence the initiative-performance relationship. The findings of this study are useful for managers in the supply chain and logistic domain and for policymakers, who could be inspired by the role of drivers in the implementation of GSCM initiatives, and then the initiatives on the level of performance achievable and thereby reduce the global warming and reduce the pollution to the environment.