Browsing by Author "Wasana, K. G. P."

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Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Pothos scandens and Kaempferia galanga Aqueous Extracts
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2023) Samadhi, K. G. A.; Kalansuriya, P.; Wijerathna, W. M. D. G. B.; Wasana, K. G. P.
In order to alleviate the clinical challenges associated with antibiotic use, there is an immediate need for innovative solutions. Utilizing nanotechnology-based antimicrobials represents a promising approach to enhance the effectiveness of natural products. Ayurvedic medicine has long relied on the utilization of Pothos scandens(family: Araceae, common name: climbing aroid, Sinhala name: Pota Wal, Tamil name: Annaparuva) and Kaempferia galanga (family: Araceae, common name: aromatic ginger, Sinhala name: Inguru Piyali, Tamil name: Kacholum). Leaves, barks, and gums of Kaempferia galanga are used to address a variety of microbial-related ailments. The objective of this study was to biosynthesize of PS-AgNPs and KG-AgNPs and conduct in vitro screening for antimicrobial properties. Pothos scandens bark pieces (10 g) and Kaempferia galanga rhizome (100 mg) derived aqueous crude extracts (PSA and KGA) was prepared under sonication (44 kHz, 40 ºC, 30 min). PSA and KGA coated AgNPs (PS-AgNPs and KG-AgNPs) were biosynthesized under different conditions i.e., homogenization, magnetic stirring, exposure to UV or sun light with loading different concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 mg/mL). Antimicrobial properties of crude extracts, PS-AgNPs and KG-AgNPs and uncoated AgNPs (UAgNPs) were screened in vitro (1 mg/per well) in triplicate, using agar well-diffusion method against standard microbial and fungal strains Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). Gentamicin (intravenous solution at 40 mg/mL diluted to 0.4 mg/mL), 10 μg per well was used as the positive control against microbes and fluconazole (intravenous solution at 2 mg/mL diluted to 1 mg/mL), 25 μg per well was used as the positive control against fungal cultures. AgNPs were characterized using size distribution data, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, FTIR, AFM and SEM imaging. SEM and AFM imaging revealed the presence of spherical PSAgNPs and KG-AgNPs with size ranges 50–300 nm. Inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of PSAgNPs against S. aureus was 15±0.816 mm, while it was zero for PSA. IZD for KG-AgNPs against S. aureus was 13±0.816 mm, while it was zero for KGA. PS-AgNPs (11±0 mm) showed antimicrobial activities against P. aeruginosa and against KG-AgNPs (15±0.816 mm) while it was zero for both PSA and KGA. IZD for PS-AgNPs and KG-AgNPs against C. albicans were 14±3.741 mm and 16±1.632 mm while it was zero for both PSA and KGA. PS-AgNPs, PSA, KGAgNPs and KGA did not exert any bioactivity against E. coli and U-AgNPs did not exert any bioactivity against the three microbial strains. The present study revealed that the novel PSAgNPs and KG-AgNPs formulation is a promising antimicrobial agent against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus
Effect of a herbal capsule of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitaceae) on lipid profile in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon Adamantane House, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Wasana, K. G. P.; Attanayake, A. P.; Weerarathna, T. P.; Jayatilaka, K. A. P. W.
Herbal antidiabetic agents have been popular among general population due to their historical usage along with the exceptional therapeutic efficacy. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of a newly developed herbal capsule of C. grandis, which consists of freeze dried powder of the hot water extract of C. grandis leaves, on lipid profile in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Three months long, placebo controlled, double blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 147 individuals with newly diagnosed T2DM. Patients with known renal, liver, cardiac, respiratory, thyroid, psychiatric and any other chronic or acute diseases, and pregnant women were excluded. Individuals are using antilipidaemic drugs were also excluded. Selected individuals were randomly allocated into two groups of test and control. The test group received newly developed herbal capsule of C. grandis (500 mg) and the control group received placebo capsule (500 mg) once daily for three months. Serum lipid profile consisting of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) was estimated at the base line (week=0) and at the end of intervention (week=12). Independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups. A percentage reductions of TC, LDL-C, TG and VLDL-C were 2.12%, 3.51%, 27.36% and 27.36% respectively and increment of HDL-C (1.92%) was observed in herbal capsule treated group. The results of the t- test revealed that TG (p=0.003) and VLDL-C (p=0.003) are significantly decreased in the herbal capsule treated group. There were no statistically significant changes (p>0.05) in TC, HDL-C and LDL-C between two groups. In conclusion, 500 mg of herbal capsule of C. grandis is beneficial in reducing elevated TG and VLDL-C in lipid profile of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.
In vitro antidiabetic activity of fractionated extracts of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2021) Wasana, K. G. P.; Attanayake, A. P.; Jayasinghe, J. M. S.; Weeraratna, T. P.; Jayatilaka, K. A. P. W.
The Paspanguwa herbal formulation is commonly consumed as a traditional medicine in Sri Lanka. Paspanguwa consists of five ingredients, namely the rhizome of Zingiber officinale (Inguru), leaves and stem of Hedyotis corymbosa (Pathpadagam), dried berries of Solanum xanthocarpum (Katuwalbatu), dried stem of Coscinium fenestratum (Venivalgata), and dried seeds of Coriandrum sativum (Koththamalli). The importance and objective of this study was to prove the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of traditionally used decotion, Paspanguwa claimed to have. In the present study, water extracts of the individual ingredient and the Paspanguwa decoction were screened for their total soluble phenolic content (TPC), total soluble flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and their ability to inhibit protein denaturation (anti-inflammatory activity). The highest and the lowest TPC was seen in Coriander and ginger as 12.76 ± 1.00 and 7.89 ± 0.86 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight, respectively. The highest and the lowest TFC was seen in Katuwalbatu and Pathpadagam as 778.19 ± 1.40 and 282.14 ± 1.49 µg Catechin equivalent/g of dry weight, respectively. The lowest and the highest IC50 values for the DPPH assay was seen in Paspanguwa decoction and Katuwalbatu as 253.4 ± 8.2 and 609.7 ± 5.6 µg/mL, respectively, while the standard ascorbic acid showed 111.0 ± 6.1 µg/mL. The highest and lowest reducing power percentages were seen in Paspanguwa decoction and coriander as 94.74 ± 1.31 and 22.95 ± 0.96 while the standard ascorbic acid showed 109.89 ± 0.96. The ability to inhibit protein denaturation varied in the order of: Acetylsalicylic acid (standard) > Paspanguwa decoction > ginger > coriander > Venivalgata > Katuwalbatu > Pathpadagam at all the three concentrations (625, 1250, and 2500 µg/mL). These results suggest that Paspanguwa water extract is a good source of antioxidants with TFC and TPC with a higher ability to inhibit protein denaturation. Our findings corroborate with the previous in vitro studies of the antioxidant activity of Paspanguwa. However, our study is the first to reveal the anti-inflammatory action, total flavonoid content, and reducing power of the Paspanguwa herbal formula. Further, this study validated the use of Paspanguwa as a good source of antioxidants together with anti-inflammatory activity in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.