Browsing by Author "Sivakanesan, R."

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Phenotype distribution of human serum paraoxonase 1 in a cohort of healthy Sri Lankan individuals
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Marasinghe, S.S.K.; Sivakanesan, R.
Cardiovascular diseases include diseases of heart, vascular diseases of brain and diseases of blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for over 17.3 million deaths per year and are the leading cause of death worldwide. Most of these deaths occur before age of 60 and could have largely been prevented. PON 1 is a cardioprotective enzyme synthesized in liver. It can be used as a personalized, proactive measure in assessing CVD risk in people. Serum samples of 155 apparently healthy individuals between 19-70 years were used for the study. Phenotype distribution was assessed using dual substrate method. Salt stimulated PON 1 activity (with 1M NaCl) and arylesterase activity was measured spectrophotometrically using paraoxon and phenyl acetate as substrates. Out of 155 participants 77 were females and 78 were males. In this study population, a wide interindividual variability (up to 18 folds) of PON1 activity was found. The mean of basal, salt stimulated paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were 222.4 ± 122.57U/l, 302.36 ± 204.03U/l and 1.72±1.14 U/l respectively. The ratio of salt stimulated PON1 activity to arylesterase activity was used for definition of phenotypes. Based on the observed ratios, 3 distinct phenotypes AA (low activity), AB (Intermediate activity) and BB (high activity) were determined. The PON1 ratio varied from 0.21 to 4.99. The paraoxonase phenotype frequencies were approximately 44.52% (AA), 46.45 % (AB) and 9.03% (BB). The distribution of PON 1 phenotypes in this Sri Lankan population was trimodal. Individuals with low PON 1 activity may be more susceptible to CVD. They were advised to make necessary changes in life style and diet to mitigate risk of getting CVD.
Total phenolic content of leaf, stem, root and flower of Daturametel
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Piratheepkumar, R.; Sivakanesan, R.
Daturametel is a medicinal plant used in indigenous system for treating bronchial asthma. In addition it is mentioned as a rejuvenating herb in Siddha texts. However there are no scientific studies carried out so far on Daturametel. This study was conducted to find the antioxidant potential of Daturametel by estimating the total phenolic content (TPC). The plant was obtained from Government herbal garden and authenticated taxonomically by an authorized person. Leaf, stem, root and flower were separated from plant immediately after collection and washed thoroughly with tap water and dried in sun shade. Dried parts were powdered by multi fine grinder and stored air tight. For cold water extract, 10mg of powder of each part was crushed with 10mL distilled water and centrifuged for ten minutes at 5000rpm. Supernatant was taken carefully. Hot water extract was prepared in same manner, but additionally it was kept in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes. TPC was estimated by using Folin and Ciocalteu‘s phenol reagent. This study was carried out in six times with six different seasonal collection of Daturametel. The total phenolic content in hot water extracts of leaf, stem, root and flower were 33.3mg ± 3.51, 30.67 mg± 2.1, 30.34mg ± 1.98 and 35.41mg ± 2.65 tannic acid equivalent/g dry weights respectively. It was little higher than that extracted with cold water extract (30.7mg ± 3.19, 26.26mg ± 1.77, 27.01mg ± 2.61, and 31.02mg ± 2.26 tannic acid equivalent/g dry weight) indicating a better extraction of phenolic compounds from the all parts at higher temperature. Flower showed highest TPC in μmol/g dry weight in cold as well as in hot water extract. All parts of the plant showed nearly equal TPC