Browsing by Author "Peiris, M.J.D."

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Attitudes of the Villagers in the Post War, Special Reference to Mannar District
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
In thirty years period of conflict became as main actor in Sri Lankan socio economic and political backgrounds. As the consequences of the conflict, Sri Lankan main streams had harmful damages. These damages directly affected to the development. North and Eastern province are the most conflict affected regions in Sri Lanka. North was the first conflict affected region. Eastern is the totally different from when comparing with North, conflict vulnerability totally wiped out from the Eastern province. Besides, this research is based on the study of the attitudes of people who had gone through the painful war happened in Sri Lanka. Hence, the main objective of this research is to identify the actual mental attitudes of the village folk and the improvement areas within the context of post war in North Sri Lanka. The universe and the sample are gathered from the area of Illuppaikadavai in Mannar district, Sri Lanka, an area where the war affected people lives. Both primary and secondary data were used to conduct this research. Primary data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with 35 participants. The study problem is to ascertain as to how be the thinking attitude and the views they hold in the post war context. Quantitative data were presented through the summary of the results for the statistical tests through charts and graphs when necessary. This study found that villages in Mannar district hold mental attitudes and they were lack in not only an educational knowledge but also in knowledge of social background. Hence the mentality of the public needs revamped in order to fulfill this task, mass media will have to play a major role. Affected people have reminiscences of the war situation. Action should be taken to change the mentality. Although the development work will not suffice thus, educational values and moral values should be given priority. At the same time, they should understand that all are Sri Lankans and must work as one family.
Buddhist Teaching towards Peace
(SIDA/SAREC Research Library, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
Environmental change as a source of conflict
(Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Peiris, M.J.D.
A number of scholars have recently studied large-scale human-induced environmental pressures may seriously affect national and international security. But here this environmental change is discussed as a source of conflict and these huge environmental changes may lead to conflicts in the future. How might environmental change lead to conflict? Some experts propose that environmental change may shift the balance of power between states either regionally or globally, producing instabilities that could lead to war or as global environmental damage increases the disparity between people. Poor nations may militarily confront or struggle the rich for a greater share of the world's wealth. Warmer temperatures could lead to contention over new ice-free sea-lanes in the Arctic or more accessible resources in the Antarctic. Population growth and land stress may produce such environmental refugees. This may cause recipient's domestic and international stability. Countries may fight over dwindling supplies of water and the effects of upstream pollution. In developing countries, a sharp drop in food crop production could lead to internal strife and finally into conflicts among urban and rural areas. If environmental degradation makes food supplies increasingly tight, exporters may be tempted to use food as a weapon. Environmental change could ultimately cause the gradual impoverishment of societies in the world. Moreover, many scholars indicate that environmental degradation will "ratchet up" the level of stress within national and international society, thus increasing the likelihood of many different kinds of conflict and impeding the development of cooperative solutions. But the time has come to escape from it and “rescue” our environment. It’s all our responsibility to know about these environmental changers and challenges and take possible and serious actions regarding it.
Governance of the police and their relationship with civilians during the postwar period: special reference to Mannar District
(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
The main objective of the study is to find out how far the police has been effective in their governance in the North, Sri Lanka. A sample data was collected though the junior police officers and the Officer in Charge who have been allocated to Iluppaikkadavai Police station, Mannar District. Data was collected from both genders above 18 years of age. Primary sources used are mainly questionnaires and direct interviews with the police officers and data collected through 35 civilians. Secondary data used for the research was information gathered from relevant books, journals and the internet. Quantitative data will be presented through a summary of the results for the statistical tests. Data is presented via data analysis by charts, figures, and graphs when necessary. The relationship between the public and the police is one that has been debated for many years. The police station concerning this area is not one with a blemished record. But the findings make clear that the police officers give enormous help to these poor people when they come to make complaints. Nevertheless, the increasing number of complaints clearly states that people have faith in the police now than then. Mutual understanding between the village folk and the police is a salient factor for this research. Good will and understanding prevail between both parties. A matter of comment is that the police station is handicapped with man power and other essential resources. There is a requirement of infrastructure facilities like transport, sanitation and communication. Fulfilling the lack of resources and developing the Tamil language skills of Sinhalese police officers are of utmost importance to be considered.
The influence of media to create a culture of peace
(Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
Issues in peace: special reference to poverty and development in contemporary world
(Department of Economics, University of Kelaniya, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
An issue is a matter of concern or of interest. Often people have different opinions about an issue and will discuss or argue about it in order to find a solution. Sometimes an issue can have a particular focus. For example, issues may have a political, social, environmental or economic focus.Therefore, Issues can also occur on different scales. When we talk about a global issue, we are usually referring to something that affects a number of countries and populations. It is an issue that affect upon or is important to the global community that could be a threat for peace.The idea of issues that are truly global in scale is new to us. It emerged late in the 20th century, perhaps when humans first saw images of the Earth from space a small blue-green planet devoid of boundaries and arbitrary political divisions. Regardless of their novelty, global issues are so important that they might literally determine the future of the human species. Moreover, global issues affect virtually all social, environmental, economic, health, and security concerns. Yet, those concerns are, in themselves, global issues. There are number of global issues have been identified yet, this article provides a framework of poverty and developmentwith regard to issues in peace.
Livelihood in the post war under rehabilitation, special reference to Mannar District
(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, M.J.D.
In thirty years period conflict became as main actor in Sri Lankan socio economic and political backgrounds. As the consequences of the conflict, Sri Lankan main streams had harmful damages. These damages directly affected to the development. North and Eastern province are the most conflict affected regions in Sri Lanka. North was the first conflict affected region. Eastern is the totally different from when comparing with North, conflict vulnerability totally wiped out from the Eastern province. Besides, this research is based on the study of the livelihood and the general attitudes they are having now about the current situation in Sri Lanka. Hence, the main objective of this research is to identify the core categories of the rehabilitation process and its significance pertaining to livelihood, its standards as well as to identity the improvement areas within the context of rehabilitation, North Sri Lanka. The universe and the sample are gathered from the area of Illuppaikadavai, Mannar district, Sri Lanka, an area where the war affected people lives. Both primary and secondary data were used to conduct this research. Primary data were collected through questionnaires from 35 data contributors and through interviews. The study problem is to ascertain as to how the living standards of the general civilians and the view they hold in the post war context. Quantitative data were presented through the summary of the results for the statistical tests through charts and graphs when necessary. Finally it could be concluded as the livelihood in Illupaikadavai has a high incident of poverty and making physical infrastructure needs but their lives have been enhanced than in the war era. Although the development work will not suffice thus, educational values and moral values should be given priority. Action should be taken to change the mentality. At the same time they must be made to realize that all are Sri Lankans and of that one family.
A Study Based on Livelihood Aspects of Conflict Affected Women
(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Peiris, M.J.D.
The three decades long ―Sri Lankan conflict‖ came to a conclusive end in May 2009, following the military defeat, the country is at its evidence of sign of relief at the post conflict era after experiencing three decades of horrible past which consist of destruction, demise and chaos. Thus, post conflict peacebuilding has emerged in various aspects, and there is the requirement to address these aspects in order to build peace and reconciliation. In this background, this research is based on the study of the livelihood of conflict affected women in Northern, Sri Lanka. Hence, the main objective of this research is to discuss the current income earning methods, their special issues of livelihood, and to recommend policy proposals to effectively address their livelihood issues of conflict affected women. The research problem of this study is to ascertain ―what kind of sustainable livelihood issues faced by the conflict affected women who live in Vavuniya District‖? Thus, this study will be a mix of qualitative and quantitative approach. The sample was selected from the conflict affected women in Vavuniya District, North Sri Lanka. Further, data is mainly collected through single households, women who are widowed and single mothers whom are above 18 years of age. Primary and secondary data was used while the quantitative data was analyzed and presented through charts and figures when necessary. It made clear that the basic needs measured by this research are sufficiently adequate despite the fact that these women lack financial and product assistance to enhance their income. The major problem identified is lack of water for their occupations since abundant water is available for their houses. When regarding the issues attributed by these women, it is important to develop women‘s entrepreneurship programmers with access to monetary funds. Empowering these women is considered as the crucial factor as classified by this study. Finally it could be concluded that the government has to solidify their concern for these single households most importantly the older women regarding their livelihood.
A study based on the Buddhist teachings towards Conflict Resolution in the Society
(Centre for Asian Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2017) Peiris, M.J.D.
There are numerous conflicts have occurred in the world. These conflicts are different in terms of the nature of it, mainly religious, ethnic, indigenous conflicts etc. Establishing a peaceful society is the most burning issue in the present world scenario. In this dispensation, Buddhist teaching provides sustaining and preserving the world peace. The foundation of peace and security can strengthened within the framework ofBuddhism, which is typically tolerant anddiverse. The Buddha introduced a righteous way of life for human beings to follow after having himself experienced the weakness and strength of human mentality. Therefore this research is based on Buddha’s teachings which address the concept of Conflict Resolution. The main objective of this study is to identify the basic Buddhist teachings which may assist to create co- existence instead of triggering to violence. Secondary data was used such as books, journals and Buddhist magazines to conduct this research. The study problem is to ascertain as to how the noble principles of the Buddhist teachings has been active in its efforts to combat systematic violence, prejudice and hatred through non- violent means of conflict resolution. Qualitative data were presented through the summary of the results when necessary. Finally it could be concluded as Buddhism has some particularly rich resources for deployment in dissolving conflict. According to Buddhism, the roots of all unwholesome actions such as greed, hatred and delusion are viewed at the root of human conflicts. In relation to peaceful dispute resolution Buddhist teaching explores every possibility to resolve disputes without resort to violence. On the basis of above discussion it could be emphasized that the widespread conflict in the society (world) can be resolved through Buddhist teachings for personal regeneration and also highly applicable on the path to social regeneration.