Browsing by Author "Peiris, H."

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Association between homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate, MTHFR polymorphisms and ischaemic heart disease
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2010) Perera, P.P.R.; Chandrasena, L.G.; Indrakumar, J.; Peiris, H.
OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated the association between homocysteine and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and the factors influencing homocysteine levels. METHODS: A case control study involving 221 patients with IHD and 221 age and sex matched controls admitted to Colombo South Teaching Hospital and an analytical study involving 79 patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting at Nawaloka Hospitals PLC were done. RESULTS: Hyperhomocysteinaemia was a significant predictor of IHD after controlling for hypertension and hypercholesteroleamia (adjusted odds ratio 2.38). Hyperhomocysteinaemia was a significant predictor of IHD in the young but not in the elderly. Among persons below 50 years, persons with hyperhomocysteinaemia were 4.5 times more likely to develop IHD as compared to those with normohomocysteinaemia. Vitamin B^ and folate levels showed a negative correlation with serum homocysteine concentrations. The homocysteine concentration did not differ significantly with the genotypes of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS: People with hyperhomocysteinaemia have a 2-3 fold increase in risk of developing IHD. Hyperhomocysteinaemia is a predictor of IHD in the young but not in the elderly. A decrease in either vitamin B12 or folate concentrations in serum is associated with higher homocysteine concentrations whereas MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene mutations do not have an effect on the homocysteine concentrations.
Biochemical changes associated withnreperfusion after off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
(Institute for Clinical Science., 2009) Chandrasena, L.G.; Peiris, H.; Waikar, H.D.
A prospective study was performed to monitor the postoperative changes in biochemical markers associated with reperfusion injury following (i) cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with aortic cross-clamping and cardioplagia (CABG); (ii) CPB with a tissue stabilizing device (SUP.CPB); or (iii) surgery on beating heart (off-pump CABG or OPCABG). Of the 48 patients, 16 were subjected to CABG, 16 to SUP.CPB, and 16 to OPCABG. Arterial and venous blood samples drawn 10 min preoperatively and 0.2, 4, 24, and 48 hr after surgery were assayed for plasma lactate, total calcium, and ionized calcium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results revealed that ionized calcium, SOD, and GPX levels of all patients increased at 4 hr following surgery but returned to baseline levels at 24 or 48 hr after surgery. Increased postoperative GPX levels reflect a cellular defense mechanism against oxidative damage during reperfusion, while lactate levels during reperfusion reflect delayed recovery of aerobic myocardial metabolism. The postoperative release of lactate, GPX, and SOD in patients undergoing the CABG (on-pump) technique was significantly higher compared to those subjected to OPCABG or SUP.CPB. There were no significant differences in postoperative patterns of release of biomarkers in patients with OPCABG vs SUP.CPB, suggesting that these surgical techniques are equally acceptable
Changes in erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) activities in the development of senile and diabetic cataracts
(SEAMEO Regional Tropical Medicine and Public Health Project, 2008) Chandrasena, L.G.; de Silva, L.D.R.; de Silva, K.I.; Dissanayaka, P.; Peiris, H.
Oxidative and osmotic stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cataracts. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) mediate peroxidation of membrane lipids and cause irreversible damage to lens proteins. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in erythrocyte glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme (G6PD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the development of senile and diabetic cataracts. The activity of erythrocyte G6PD and the concentration of GSH were measured to assess changes in oxidation-reduction status. The oxidation-reduction status of 26 non-diabetic non-cataract (control) subjects were compared with 24 diabetic non-cataract, 30 diabetic cataract and 28 non-diabetic cataract subjects. The results revealed that the GSH and G6PD levels of the subjects with senile cataracts were significantly lower than the subjects without cataracts. The present study reveals the risk of developing senile cataracts is associated with decreased levels of erythrocyte G6PD and GSH. In the formation of diabetic cataracts an adequate supply of NADPH (G6PD activity) is essential to produce osmotically active sorbitol in the lens
Could ochratoxin A in food commodities be the cause of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka?
(Oxford University Press, 2008) Wanigasuriya, K. P.; Peiris, H.; Ileperuma, N.; Peiris-John, R. J.; Wickremasinghe, R.
Ochratoxin A (OA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate plant food products. OA concentrations were assessed in commonly consumed food items in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease is diagnosed at epidemic proportions. Ninety-eight randomly selected food samples were analysed. Mycotoxin was detected in the extract by using a MycoMonitor OchratoxinA ELISA assay kit (Helica Biosystems Inc., USA). The levels of OA found in these food commodities were below the recommended statutory maximum limit and are unlikely to be a potential risk factor for nephropathy in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka.
Fifty years after Watson and Crick
(University of Sri Jayewardenepura, 2007) Chandrasena, L.G.; Peiris, H.; Welihinda, J.
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase and severity of ischaemic heart disease in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2010) Perera, P.P.R.; Chandrasena, L.G.; Indrakumar, J.; Peiris, H.
OBJECTIVES: To study the association between glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in relation to severity and extent of cardiac ischemia and age in a cohort of Sri Lankans. METHODS: Seventy nine patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were recruited to the study. GPx was measured before CABG. The severity and extent of myocardial ischemia were measured by the vessel, stenosis and extent scores by perusing the coronary angiograms. RESULTS: The mean GPx concentration of the study sample was 120.44 units GPx/mg Hb which is below the normal value of 275 units GPx/mg Hb. The mean vessel, stenosis and extent scores of the study sample were 2.04 (out of a possible 3) 9.86 (out of a maximum of 32) and 46.42% respectively. The GPx levels showed a significant inverse correlation with the vessel, stenosis and extent scores (p < 0.01), No significant correlation was observed between the GPx levels and age in the study population. CONCLUSIONS: GPx may be a predictor of severity and extent of ischaemia in ischemic heart disease patients. GPx levels did not change with the age.
Hemoglobin variants in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
(SEAMEO Regional Tropical Medicine and Public Health Project, 2010) Chandrasena, L.G.; Peiris, H.; Williams, S.; Siribaddana, S.H.
Measurement of HbA1c levels in diabetic patients is an established procedure for evaluating long-term control of diabetes. Despite its usefulness, conditions that effect hemoglobin concentration, such as hemoglobinopathies give rise to inappropriate HbA1c values. Since information about hemoglobinopathies in the diabetic population in Sri Lanka is limited, a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 2,695 diabetic subjects attending the diabetic clinic at Nawaloka Hospital, Sri Lanka. Hemoglobin type and HbA1c were measured by the HPLC method. The results reveal among 2,695 diabetic subjects, 53 (2%) had abnormal hemoglobin types (HbF and HbS). HbA1c concentrations in diabetic patients without Hb abnormalities show a higher correlation with fasting blood glucose than those with hemoglobin abnormalities. This study emphasizes that patients with inappropriate HbA1c values should be investigated for hemoglobinopathies.
Laboratory statistics in Clinical Decision marking Sri Lanka
(The Kandy Society of Medicine, 2005) Chandrasena, L.G.; Peiris, H.; Sivayogan, S.
No Abstract Available.
Making a hypercholesterolaemic animal model by feeding a diet containing cholesterol and butter to Wistar rats
(Sri Lanka Veterinary Association, 1999) Thammitiyagoda, M.G.; Thabrew, M.I.; Munasinghe, T.M.J.; Peiris, H.
Sequential occurrence of recurrent Sweet syndrome and erythema nodosum without an underlying secondary cause: a case report
(BioMed Central, 2022) Mettananda, C.; Peiris, H.; Uwyse, A.
Background: Sweet syndrome is a rare cause of acute fever and painful erythematous skin plaques. Erythema nodosum is acute or chronic tender erythematous skin nodules of bilateral shins. The concurrent presence of both dermatoses is rare but reported in the literature. There are no reported cases of recurrent and sequential Sweet syndrome and erythema nodosum without an underlying secondary cause. Case presentation: We report the case of a 64-year-old Asian woman, who had possible Sweet syndrome 12 years ago and biopsy-proven erythema nodosum 5 years ago, presenting with an acute episode of Sweet syndrome. Extensive investigations did not reveal any underlying secondary cause. Conclusions: Recurrent Sweet syndrome and sequential presence with erythema nodosum raises suspicion if Sweet syndrome and erythema nodosum are diferent presentations of one disease, which warrants further study. This case proves that recurrent Sweet syndrome and erythema nodosum can occur in healthy individuals without an underlying malignancy or secondary cause
Serum cystatin C as a marker to identify patients with moderately impaired renal function
(Association of Clinical Biochemists of India,, 2008) Peiris, H.; Chandrasena, L.G.; Lanerolle, R.D.
ABSTRACT: The low molecular weight protein cystatin C produced by all nucleated cells and eliminated by glomerular filtration is of special benefit as a marker of renal function. A study was therefore undertaken to investigate whether serum cystatin C could be used as a marker to identify patients with moderately impaired renal function. A cross-sectional descriptive hospital based study was carried out and serum cystatin C was measured in fifty subjects aged 12 to 74 years with a 24 hr creatinine clearance estimation done at the same time. The gold standard creatinine clearance was used to compare the predicted glomerular filtration rate measured using serum cystatin C. Predicted glomerular filtration rate gave a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 68% with a diagnostic cut-off value of 1.25mg/L cystatin C for identification of patients with moderately impaired renal function with a single random blood sample. AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Creatinine; Cystatin C; Glomerular filtration rate; Moderately impaired renal function