Browsing by Author "Kumara, D.G.T.U."

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    The Contribution of Library Tradition for Ancient Education System in Sri Lanka
    (3rd International Conference on Library and Information Management, Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Kumara, D.G.T.U.; Dilhara, W.A.L.P.
    After arrival of Arahath mahinda in 3rd centuary BC, different sectors in the country were chaned in to new arena including the education. With inclresing number of Maha Sanga in that period, their educational needs were very complex and vivid. Pirivena education came into seen with the idea of changing the ducation system into proper education. The small room where one or few Bikkus were lived and learned was changed in to larger recidences which became Pirivenas or Buddhist educational centers. Eventually these centers of leaning were opened not only to Bhikkus but laypersons too. Pirivena became the mother for the evelvement of libraries in Sri Lanka. First Pirivena library was established at Mahavihara. According to historical sources there have been sevaral branches of pirivenas to Mahavihara and there were too libraries. Art of writing and writing tradition was started by the then Bhikkus based on Budhism. That was helful to develop library system and tradition in Sri Lanka. Objectives of this paper is to exlore the situation of early Pirivena libraryes, education tradition and ppirivena education
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    Indigeneous Knowledge related to Ancient Irrigation Management System in Sri Lanka.
    (Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Kumara, D.G.T.U.
    It is impossible to repel and neglect the diverse fields of ancient Indigence Knowledge System in Sri Lanka. The Indigence Knowledge related to ancient Irrigation System in Sri Lanka had been making the then society economically viable, socially amicable, politically vibrant, and culturally magnificent that existed astonishing the world. The principle objective of this paper is to study how ancient Sri Lanka applied the Indigence Knowledge for irrigation management. The other objective are to identity the sources they use for Irrigation management, to study how to collect organize and report the indigence knowledge for the use of provincial irrigation management and to examine how far the indigence knowledge apply for present irrigation management. The study focuses whole country Sri Lanka. However, two districts applied for the study. On participatory observation and semi structured interview were conducted for primary data collection. It was found that Buddhism influenced for the concepts and the knowledge of ancient irrigation system and techniques, practices and expanded coupled with geographical locations and variations. Use of indigenes knowledge for both natural and man-made irrigation systems were very helpful for improving water resources. Use of indigence knowledge for irrigation and water management with a view control water streams and water flows that falling from hilly area and through penny plains to cross the water flows for making the water resource for consumption by using wooden bars and clay. At later stage, they have used new technique and tools in order to prepare water resources more durable and long lasing with tools, techniques and structures.
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    New Dimension of Digital Archives and Libraries Conservation of Ola leaf manuscripts using the Technology of Digital Copyrights.
    (International Conference on the Humanities (ICH), 2017 Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Kumara, D.G.T.U.
    There is a long history for the tradition of Ola leafs writing in Sri Lanka. It was started in the early Anuradhapura era and continued up to present by subjecting to many recessions. Ola leafs had been destructed due to foreign invasions, natural disasters, decaying and insects’ damages, but still lots of Ola leaf manuscripts are available in temples, institutions and with some individuals. According to the literary sources, the history of Ola leaf manuscripts runs back to sixth century AD. This had been improved with the cultural development occurred after ‘mahindagamanaya’ The knowledge included in ‘thripitaka and “attakatha’ were organized by the way of lore (as oral knowledge) up to first century BC. The knowledge related to Buddhism as well as other subjects have been brought up to present using well organized oral methods by monks. Conservation of knowledge using oral methods had been moved to a new chapter with the conversion of ‘Thripitaka’ into written form. Other knowledgeable sources also started to convert into written form as ‘thripitaka and attakatha’. A declination of art of Ola leaf manuscripts writing could be seen at the middle part of the 20th century with development of printing technology, but not completely extinct. Many political, religious and intellectual matters had made impact on maintaining knowledge using written form. Ola leaf manuscripts had been used as the main media for converting oral knowledge into written form. Copies of Ola leaf manuscripts were kept in libraries of temples. There are many traditional methods which were used to conserve those Ola leaf manuscripts. Physical & content conservation are the two main parts of it. Protect books from natural disasters & insects’ damages are called physical conservation. Content conservation means protecting the knowledge included in Ola leaf manuscripts. The aim of this Study is to identify whither the Ola leaf manuscripts. Which are available in the temples around the country, are protected by the Use of digital technology. The Methodology Used in this research is collecting information from the institutes, temples and Owners, where the Ola leaf manuscripts are available, and Secondary literal resources. Many methods were used for content conservation. Methods such as scanning are used in modern era and the technology of digital copyrights can be introduced as a recent method of conservation. This study is conducted basically on computer data and the analysis is qualitative and quantitative based on indigoes Knowledge and Computer States Contemporary.
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    Palm leaf manuscripts collection in Daluggolla Rajamaha Viharaya in Kandy district: A Bibliographical Study
    (Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Kumara, D.G.T.U.
    The palm leaf manuscripts can be identified as one of the main information sources for studying and exploring of indigenous knowledge. Presently, information sources (printed and electronic) are widely published and available in the society as a result of the development of information and communication technology as well as the development of printing and publishing industry. There are a number of standard methods exist to search and access bibliographical information such as card catalogues, online catalogues, and online public access catalogues. However, researchers and other readers / users who use or study palm leaf manuscripts face difficulties due to the unavailability of bibliographical tools (i.e. card catalogue, bibliographies) to search information about palm leaf manuscripts. This research fills these gaps. The objectives of this research are threefold, (i) to identifys and understand specific bibliographical information of palm leaf manuscripts collection, (ii) to identify various subject areas of palm leaf manuscripts and (iii) to compile a complete bibliographical tool i.e. Bibliography of Palm Leafs. In this study, the qualitative research methodology was used to gather and analyse data. The collection of palm leaf manuscripts in Daluggolla Rajamaha Viharaya, which is situated in the kandy district in the central province has been selected as a study sample. By visiting and observing palm leaf manuscripts collection of said temple, this study identified specific bibliographical information. The identified bibliographical information has been arranged according to the alphabetical order. This study also used other qualitative data collection techniques such as observation and interviews. Secondary data collection techniques were used in this research to validate data. By carefully studing more than 86 palm leaf manuscripts in dalluggolla Rajamaha viharaya, this study found that a number of subject areas of palm leafs such as pali, sanscrit, grammer, ayurvedic medicine, religious, and astronomy. Maha Sathipattana Suthrha, Piriwana Poth Wahanse, and Jathaka Katha Poth Wahanse have been identified as very famous palm leaf manuscripts in Daluggolla Rajamaha Viharaya. Moreover, this study identified that some similarities among palm leaf manuscripts. For example, the phrase “namo thassa bagawatho arahatho samma sambuddhassa” appeared at the beginning of the most of the palm leafs. Similarly, the authors or writers, wishers or hopes appeared at the end of the palm leafs. Sinhala Alphabet has been used for organizing palm leaf manuscripts in Daluggolla Rajamaha viharaya. A key outcome of this study is the compilation of a bibliography of palm leaf manuscripts in the Daluggolla Rajamaha viharaya. Identified bibliographical data such as title, language, the number of pagers, notation, width and height of pathiru, kambaya, sakiya, huya and time were arranged according to the alphabetical order. Findings of this study help to guide organize and preserve palm leaf manuscripts in Sri Lanka.
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