Browsing by Author "Karunapema, P."

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    Increase in premature mortality due to non-communicable diseases in Sri Lanka during the first decade of the twenty-first century
    (BioMed Central, 2018) Ediriweera, D.S.; Karunapema, P.; Pathmeswaran, A.; Arnold, M.
    BACKGROUND: Globally, non-communicable diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death and more than 40% of NCD deaths are premature occurring before the age of 70 years. In 2012, World Health Assembly declared its commitment to reduce premature NCD mortality by 25% from 2010 to 2025. The trend of premature NCD deaths in Sri Lanka has not been assessed and thus this study was done to assess it between 2001 to 2010. METHODS: Deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes were studied. Premature NCD mortality was assessed using unconditional probability of dying (UPoD) due to NCDs among those aged 30 to 70 years. Number of relevant premature NCD deaths that occurred in each 5-year age interval and the respective mid-year population was used to calculate UPoD. RESULTS: During the period of 2001 to 2010, premature NCD mortality in Sri Lanka increased from 15·8% to 19·1% and males showed higher mortality compared to females throughout the period. Highest mortality was due to cardiovascular diseases followed by cancer and diabetes and all three showed an increasing trend. Chronic respiratory diseases showed an increase until 2004 and dropped thereafter. Among the four NCDs, diabetes revealed the most marked increasing trend in premature mortality during this period. CONCLUSIONS: The data revealed an increasing trend of premature NCD mortality in SriLanka between 2001 and 2010 although it has a relatively lower premature NCD mortality rate in the South-East Asian Region. Therefore, reducing premature NCD mortality by 25% from 2010 to 2025 is likely to be a rather challenging task in Sri Lanka and policy level changes need to be taken to achieve this target.
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    Unconditional probability of dying due to Non-Communicable Diseases on rise: cause of death analysis from 2002 to 2010
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2016) Ediriweera, D.S.; Karunapema, P.
    INTRODUCTION: In 2012, World Health Assembly set a target to reduce premature non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality by 25% from 2010 to 2025. Unconditional probability of dying (UPoD) is used to monitor the changes in mortality over a time period. UPoD excludes confounding across countries or over time due to changes in mortality rates for other competing causes and it controls for differences in population age structure. OBJECTIVES: To study unconditional probability of dying (UPoD) due to non-communicable diseases in Sri Lanka. METHOD: Mortality data were obtained from Registrar General Department of Sri Lanka. Deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (ICD 00 – 99), diabetes (E10 – E14), cancer (ICD C00 – C99) and chronic respiratory diseases (J30 – J98) for 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009 and 2010 were considered and UPoD between 30 to 70 age group from four NCDs (cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer (CA), diabetes (DM) and chronic respiratory diseases (COPD)) was calculated. Explain how UPoD was calculated. RESULTS: From 2002 to 2010; overall UPoD increased from 15.3 to 19.1, where males showed higher UPoD compared to females throughout the period. During this period, UPoD due to CVD increased from 9.3 to 10.1, UPoD from DM increased from 1.0 to 3.1, UPoD from CA increased from 3.5 to 5.0 and UPoD from COPD remained around 2.3. CONCLUSIONS: UPoD due to CVD, DM and CA have shown an increasing trend from 2002 to 2010 and we would expect more premature deaths in the age group 30 to 70 if the same trend continues over the next decade. Therefore achieving 25% reduction in mortality in 2025 could be challenging for Sri Lanka.