Browsing by Author "Jayatilake, S."

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    In vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of peel extract of selected fruits of the citrus family
    (4th International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Hettiarachchi, H. A. C. O.; Gunathilake, K. D. P. P.; Jayatilake, S.
    The potential of citrus peel extract in delivering anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were evaluated using in-vitro assays. Methanolic extracts of freeze dried peels of Ambul Dodam – Citrus aurantium, Lime – Citrus aurantifolia, Jama naaran – Citrus reticulata, Nas naran – Citrus madurensis, Heen naran - Citrus reticulata were assessed using Lipoxygenase inhibitory assay, Folin-Ciocalteau assay and DPPH radical scavenging assay. The lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition of all citrus varieties were analyzed using two different concentrations 50 μg /mL and 75 μg /mL of peel extracts. The lipoxygenase inhibition levels were within the range of 7.97 % to 23.64 % for 50 μg /mL concentration of peel extracts. The lipoxygenase inhibition levels for 75 μg /mL concentration of peel extract were 6.98 % to 17.99 %. For both concentrations, the highest inhibition (23.64 ± 1.96 % for 50 μg /mL and 17.99 ± 2.48 % for 75 μg /mL) was recorded for Heen Naran. Accordingly, the ascending pattern of percentage lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition for all citrus varieties was: Lime < Jama Naran < Nas Naran < Ambul Dodam < Heen Naran. According to the Folin-Ciocalteau assay the total phenolic contents of Nas Naran and Jama Naran were 471.00 and 1394.00 μg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight of peel, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity of peel extracts of selected citrus fruit varieties ranged from 33.96 to 91.44 %. The percentage inhibition of DPPH radical for citrus peel extracts varied according to the order: Lime < Nas Naran < Heen Naran < Jama Naran < Ambul dodam. High percentage of DPPH radical inhibition may be due to the presence of higher phenolic content. Therefore, it can be concluded that the peels of the evaluated citrus species are having significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The discovered potentials can be further studied for effective utilization of peel of citrus fruits in the food industry
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    The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
    (BioMed Central., 2020) Paranagama, M. P.; Piyarathne, N. S.; Nandasena, T. L.; Jayatilake, S.; Navaratne, A.; Galhena, B. P.; Williams, S.; Rajapakse, J.; Kita, K.
    BACKGROUND: The Sri Lankan traditional betel quid (TBQ) which had been extensively used in the country before its colonization is claimed to have antiperiodontopathic effects in the Sri Lankan folklore. However, there is no reported scientific evidence to support the claimed antiperiodontopathic effects mediated by this TBQ. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of the Sri Lankan TBQ in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. METHODS: We investigate the ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ for its antibacterial effects against the keystone periodontopathic bacterium, P. gingivalis and also its antioxidant potential, which is important to protect the periodontium from oxidative stress. Further, its safety was analyzed using the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). RESULTS: Ethyl acetate extract of this TBQ inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 125 μg/ml. It was found to be a rich source of polyphenols and displayed considerable DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and a strong ferric reducing antioxidant power. This extract could protect the cultured human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. In addition, this TBQ extract was not genotoxic to human PBLs even at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. Moreover, it exhibited protective effects against bleomycin induced genotoxicity in PBLs. CONCLUSION: Ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ is a source of natural antibacterial compounds against P. gingivalis. It is also a source of natural antioxidants which can protect human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. These properties of the TBQ may have contributed to its claimed antiperiodontopathic effects. Besides, it was found to be relatively non-toxic to human cells. Thus this TBQ extract has a huge potential to be developed as a novel adjunctive therapeutic lead against periodontitis. KEYWORDS: CBMN assay; Chronic periodontitis; Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; MTT assay; Oxidative stress; P. gingivalis; Sri Lankan traditional betel quid.