Browsing by Author "Jayasinghe, L."

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Accuracy of ultrasound estimated fetal weight formulae to predict actual birthweight after 34 weeks: prospective validation study
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2013) Kumarasiri, S.; Wanigasekara, R.; Wahalawatta, L.; Jayasinghe, L.; Padeniya, T.; Dias, T.
OBJECTIVES: Late onset fetal growth restriction is often missed and is responsible for most intrauterine deaths. Ultrasound fetal biometry is routinely used to calculate estimated fetal weight (EFW). The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of established ultrasound EFW formulae to identify small and large for gestational age fetuses when used after 35 weeks gestation. METHODS: This was a prospective validation study done between January 2012 and July 2012 at General Hospital Ampara. An ultrasound examination was performed and fetal biometry was documented within one week before the delivery in well dated pregnancies. The mean of the differences between ultrasound EFW derived from 9 formulae and true birthweight and their standard error of mean (SE) were calculated for each formula. Systematic measurement error was assumed to exist if zero lay outside the mean difference ± 2SE. To show the EFW frequency distribution, z-scores were calculated as the number of standard deviations an observed EFW measurement deviated from the mean for gestation. RESULTS: A total of 393 pregnancies at gestational age between 35 and 41 weeks were recruited. Mean gestational age at the ultra sound scan was 39.36 weeks SD (1.05). All EFW formulae either under or over estimated the birthweight in singleton pregnancies. Almost all the formulae over estimated the fetal weight in low birthweight babies whilst underestimating the fetal weight in birthweight >3500g. Campbell formula remained the only EFW formula without systematic error when measuring babies between 2500g and 3500g. None of the EFW z-scores were normally distributed. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that all routinely used EFW formulae would either over or under estimate the fetal weight. Until an optimum EFW formula that suits the Sri Lankan population is determined, interpretation of ultrasound EFW should be done cautiously, especially in small for gestational age babies
The Antilanguage of drug users
(University of Kelaniya, 2008) Jayasinghe, L.
Determination of cytotoxicity and antifungal activity of different solvent extracts obtained from coconut testa flour of selected Sri Lankan coconut cultivars
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2021) Gunarathne, K. M. R. U.; Marikkar, J. M. N.; Mendis, E.; Yalegama, C.; Jayasinghe, L.
Coconut testa is reported as a rich source of phyto-constituents that claim various bioactivities. In this study, selected bioactivities of flour obtained from partially defatted coconut testa (CTF) of five Sri Lankan coconut cultivars namely, Gon Thembili (GT), Ran Thembili (RT), San Raman Tall (SR), Tall x Tall (TT) and commercial hybrid (COM) were investigated. CTF was sequentially extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH). The obtained crude extracts were subjected to cytotoxicity assay using the 2nd instar nauplii of Artemia salina while the antifungal activity was assessed using TLC bioautographic method against Cladosporium cladosporioides. Results showed that the majority of the extracts did not show inhibitory activity against C.cladosporioide except for the hexane and EtOAc fractions of COM cultivar. According to the result of the cytotoxicity assay, the hexane, EtOAc and MeOH extracts of CTF of different cultivars showed low to moderate toxicity (LC50 ˃ 2000 ppm) towards A. salina whereas the overall lethality % was found to be dependent on the concentration of CTF extracts within the selected range of 50-2000 ppm. When comparing the results obtained for the highest CTF concentration level (2000 ppm), a significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage of lethality was observed for hexane extracts of RT (33.33±5.77%), EtOAc extracts of COM (46.67±5.77%), TT (43.33±5.77%) and MeOH extract of COM (33.33±5.77%) compared to other cultivars. The results of this study confirmed the poor antifungal activity of CTF while demonstrating the degree of the potential of CTF to function as a cytotoxic agent and their varied activities among different Sri Lankan coconut cultivars. However, sample preparation method might have affected the results showed by hexane extract as partial defatting may remove potential antifungal and cytotoxic compound up to certain extent. It is clear that selective in-depth studies for cytotoxicity of CTF are needed for further elaborations. However, the results of this study would provide sound preliminary knowledge for future research aspects.
Determination of photoprotective potential in sunscreen formulations with different concentrations of Olax zeylanica (Mella) extract
(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Liyanaarachchi, C. E.; Napagoda, M.; Malkanthi, S.; Abayawardana, K.; Witharana, S.; Jayasinghe, L.
The ultra-violet (UV) component of the solar radiation can cause various deleterious effects on the human skin. The occurrence of wide range of dermatological diseases are correlated with the excessive exposure to UV radiation, out of which, skin cancers are more lethal than the others. Skin cancer is a result of chronic exposure to the UV radiation, but there are many acute effects such as hyperpigmentation, erythema and weakening of immunological functions. The best method to avoid UV exposure is to abstain from outdoor activities during the daytime, however, this is not always possible and practicable. Thus, the topical application of synthetic sunscreens has been widely adopted as a preventive measure despite the number of adverse effects associated with these products. In this respect, the development of herbal sunscreen products devoid of undesirable harmful effects as alternatives to the synthetic sunscreens would be highly beneficial. Therefore, the present study focuses on the development of herbal sunscreen formulations using different concentrations of aqueous-methanolic extract of Olax zeylanica and the evaluation of photoprotective potency in each formulation. The aqueous-methanol extract was prepared using dried leaves of O. zeylanica. Thereafter, sunscreen formulations were developed by incorporating this extract at different concentrations (ie. 25%, 50% and 75%) to the aqueouscream base. The UV absorbance of each preparation was measured between 260-400 nm and the sun protective factor (SPF) was calculated according to the Mansur equation. Calculation of SPF is an evaluation method of how much photoprotection is given by a sunscreen product and our observations revealed that the formulation with 25% of the extract possesses the lowest SPF. In the other end, the formulation containing 75% of the extract has the highest SPF which gives an indication that when the extract concentration is higher, the protection from UV radiation is also higher. The photostability of this formulation was also evaluated by calculating SPF after exposing it to the direct sunlight for 7, 14 and 21 days. Since there was no significant reduction in the SPF value within the stipulated time period, the formulation exhibited photostability. Based on the preliminary observations, it is possible to hypothesize the presence of UV absorbing organic molecules in the O. zeylanica extract. Therefore, experiments are in progress to identify these secondary metabolites and also to increase the efficacy and bioavailability of the formulation using nanotechnology.
Development of a disaster risk map using GIS for Panadura urban council area: a pre-requisite to the urban planning
(Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Jayasinghe, L.; Karunarathne, M.K.H.S.; Lakmali, A.A.R.; Ranjitha, L.K.H.K.; Weerasinghe, V.P.A.
Risk of stillbirth at term and optimum timing of delivery in uncomplicated south Asian singleton pregnancies
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2014) Dias, T.; Kumarasiri, S.; Wanigasekara, R.; Cooper, D.; Batuwitage, C.; Jayasinghe, L.; Padeniya, T.
OBJECTIVES: Aims of this study were to compare the perinatal mortality rate and the prospective risk of stillbirth for each given gestational age and to ascertain whether it is safe to continue the pregnancy beyond 40 weeks of gestational age and induce labour at 41 weeks in low risk singleton pregnancies. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. The perinatal mortality and prospective risk were calculated per 1000 total births and 1000 on going pregnancies respectively in well dated singleton pregnancies. 38+0 to 39+6 gestational age was taken as the reference. RESULTS: A total of 12,595 deliveries after 28 weeks of gestation were included. The risk of stillbirth at 38+0 to 39+6 weeks was 1.43 (95% CI, 0.9 to 2.4) per 1000 on going pregnancies. The perinatal mortality rate at 38+0 to 39+6 weeks was 2.9 (95% CI, 1.9 to 4.5) per 1000 total births. The perinatal mortality rate decreased throughout gestation and it was lowest at 40+0 - 41+6. In contrast, risk of stillbirth increased with advancing gestation and peaked at 40+0 - 41+6 (2.57, 95% CI, 1.4 to 4.7). However, risk of stillbirth at 40+0 - 41+6 was not statistically different from 38+0 to 39+6 (OR 1.79, 95% CI, 0.80 to 3.98). To prevent one stillbirth, 886 pregnancies should be induced at 38+0 to 39+6. CONCLUSIONS: Risk of stillbirth is more informative than perinatal mortality at term. Frequent antenatal fetal surveillance should be adopted towardsterm in order to identify high risk pregnancies. Elective delivery before 40 weeks in low risk pregnancies is not justified