Browsing by Author "Hettiarachchi, P."

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Impact of short term aerobic exercises on taste perception for sucrose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Vidanage, D.; Hettiarachchi, P.; Prathapan, S.; Wasalathanthri, S.
Exercise, along with diet and medications plays an important role in the management of type 2 diabetes. Several long-term studies have demonstrated that regular exercise is beneficial in increasing insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The sense of taste is an important oral chemical sense that plays a critical role in determining food preferences. The studies that have been conducted to determine the impact of exercise on taste perception is very limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of short-term aerobic exercise on taste perception for sucrose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A sample of 140 type 2 diabetic patients, aged between 35-60 years was recruited for the study and randomly assigned into two groups, an exercise group performing aerobic exercises and a control group. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data of all participants. A graded exercise protocol was introduced to the exercise group and they were instructed to perform regular exercises 4-5 days a week for 3 months without changing their regular diet and medications. Adherence to the protocol was assessed by giving regular telephone calls. Taste perception was assessed in both groups at 0 and 3 months. Preference for sucrose was assessed by the “Monell 2-series, Forced Choice Method” and suprathreshold intensity ratings for sucrose were tested using “general Labeled Magnitude Scale”. Data analysis was done by paired sample t-test and the significance was set at p=0.05 level. Participants in the exercise group showed increased supra-threshold intensity ratings for 04 out of 06 sucrose solutions, with the results being statistically significant for 02 of the higher concentrations i.e. 2.02 M (Difference in mean = 7.07 ± 4.03, p=0.032) and 0.64 M (Difference in mean = 7.77 ± 4.79, p=0.038) when compared to the controls. The preference for sucrose was significantly reduced (Difference in mean = 0.04 ± 0.02, p=0.031) after 3 months in the exercise group. The supra-threshold intensity ratings in the control group did not show a statistically significant pattern while the preference for sucrose was increased (Difference in mean = 0.1 ± 1.04, p=0.479). In conclusion, taste sensitivity for sucrose increases especially for higher concentrations and taste preference decreases in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after 3 months of regular aerobic exercise.
Resection of the large bowel suppresses hunger and food intake and modulates gastrointestinal fermentation
(John Wiley & Sons, 2016) Hettiarachchi, P.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.; Frost, G.S.; Deen, K.I.; Pathirana, A.A.; Murphy, K.G.; Jayaratne, S.D.
OBJECTIVE: To assess appetite and gut hormone levels in patients following partial (PR) or total resection (TR) of the large bowel. METHODS: A comparative cross sectional study was carried out with healthy controls (n = 99) and patients who had undergone PR (n = 64) or TR (n = 12) of the large bowel. Participants consumed a standard (720 kcal) breakfast meal at 0830 (t = 0) h followed by lactulose (15 g) and a buffet lunch (t = 210 min). Participants rated the subjective feelings of hunger at t = -30, 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. Breath hydrogen (BH) concentrations were also evaluated. In a matched subset (11 controls, 11 PR and 9 TR patients) PYY and GLP-1 concentrations were measured following breakfast. The primary outcome measure was appetite, as measured using visual analogue scales and the buffet lunch. The secondary outcome was BH concentrations following a test meal. RESULTS: PR and TR participants had lower hunger and energy intake at the buffet lunch meal compared to controls. PR subjects had higher BH concentrations compared to controls and TR subjects. BH levels correlated with circulating GLP-1 levels at specific time points. CONCLUSIONS: PR or TR of the large bowel reduced feelings of hunger and energy intake, and PR increased gastrointestinal fermentation.
Role of the different parts of large bowel in influencing appetite
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2007) Hettiarachchi, P.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.; Frost, G.S.; Jayaratne, S.D.; Deen, K.I.; Pathirana, A.A.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of the different parts of the large bowel in influencing appetite DESIGN, SETTING AND METHODS: Seventy six colectomised subjects, age-sex matched with 76 healthy adults, were given a standard breakfast meal followed by a buffet lunch after 210 minutes. Hunger and satiety levels were determined at selected time points in patients and controls. Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon likepolypeptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations were determined in a sub sample of subjects. RESULTS: In proctocolectomised subjects at 180 minutes, a lower (p=0.035) hunger level and a higher (p=0.038) satiety level than controls were observed. The hunger ieveis of subjects with total removal of the rectum were lower at 60 min (p=0.048), 180 min (p=0.027), and 330 min (p=0.041) but higher at 240 min. The satiety levels were lower in subtotal/hemi-colectomised subjects at 300 (p=0.028) and 330 min (p=0.031). In subjects with remova! of the rectum, significantly lower hunger levels and higher satiety levels were observed at 180 minutes as compared to controls. In proctocolectomised patients, PYY concentrations were significantly lower than controls at 180 min (p=0.044). There was no difference in the GLP-1 concentrations between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: As subjects with removal of the rectum had significantly lower hunger levels and higher satiety levels at 180 minutes, a phenomenon not seen among subtotai/hemi-colectomised subjects, we surmise that the rectum has a significant role to play in controlling hunger and satiety levels. PYY is likely to be secreted from the large intestine and/or the rectum and GLP-1 from the small intestine.