Browsing by Author "Herath, S."

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An anatomical study of the tarsal tunnel: A cadaveric study
(University of Kelaniya, 2011) Karunanayake, A.; Hasan, R.; Salgado, S.; Salvin, K.A.; Fernando, P.; Ranaweera, L.; de Alwis, R.P.; Herath, S.; Senadipathy, C.; Mahawaththa, T.; Fernado, E.; Ilayperuma, I.
Tarsal tunnel is a passage formed between the flexor retinaculum and the underlying tarsal bones. Tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus and the neurovascular bundle of the posterior compartment of the leg pass through this tunnel in separate fascial compartments. To relieve symptoms and signs of Tarsal tunnel syndrome, orthopedic surgeries and anesthetic nerve blocks are used. Therefore, knowing the anatomy of the tarsal tunnel is important to understand and manage conditions related to this region. The aim of this study, is to describe the morphology and its possible variations in a Sri Lankan population compared to what is described in standard anatomy text books. A descriptive study was carried out by dissecting 28 human cadavers available in the Department of Anatomy, University of Kelaniya. Typical anatomy was observed in 26 cadavers (92.85%) where tibialis posterior (TP), flexor digitorum longus (FDL),neurovascular bundle and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) were in separate compartments anterior to posterior respectively. In one cadaver (3.57%) FDL and FHL were in a single compartment. In another cadaver (3.57%) bifurcation of the tendon of flexor digitorum longus was observed passing through a separate compartment posterior to neurovascular bundle. Even though the majority of the results were in agreement with the typical description of the anatomy of the tarsal tunnel, a certain degree of variability was observed in this area. This knowledge will be of use to clinicians involved in procedures related to the tarsal tunnel.
Incidental Extra Spinal Findings in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spine: Beyond the Focus.
(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Siriwardana, S.R.; Herath, S.; Wijesooriya, L.I.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is a special imaging modality to evaluate various symptoms in spine including low back pain. However, extra spinal incidental findings (IF) which detect additionally during the MRI might influence the management of the patient. Objective: To describe IF detected during MRI spine and to emphasize the importance of identification of those. Methodology: Five patients who underwent MRI spine for back pain were selected and imaging appearances of various IFs were discussed.GE MR 360 advance 1.5-tesla MRI machine was used for the imaging. Results: Case 1: Thirty-seven year old female patient was evaluated for chronic neck pain. Sagittal T1W and T2W images show moderate size cystic lesion on posterior fossa of the brain. Follow-up MRI brain showed a moderate size arachnoid cyst causing indentation to the cerebellum. Case 2:Sixty-seven year old female patient was assessed for low back pain (LBP).T2W sagittal and coronal images showed 3.7 cm size oval shape mass medial to the right kidney. The mass was identified as an accessory kidney in follow-up contrast computed tomography (CT). Case 3:Thirty-eight year old female patient was assessed for LBP. Sagittal T1W, T2W and STIR images showed moderate size cystic mass with internal fat, fluid and low intensity nodules suggestive of calcium. MRI lumbar spine was uneventful. Subsequent surgery and histology revealed the mass as a dermoid cyst. Case 4:Forty- five year old male patient was evaluated for LBP. Sagittal T2W and Coronal STIR images showed uncomplicated left side pelvic kidney. Follow-up ultrasound scan too confirmed the diagnosis. Case 5:Eighty-three year old male patient presented with back pain and lower limb weakness. Sagittal and axial T2W images showed multiple spinal metastasis and coronal STIR images showed incidentally detected pleural based lung mass as a primary lesion.
Language globalization and media with special reference to Sri Lanka
(University of Kelaniya, 2008) Herath, S.
Morphology of the Thyroid Gland and its common variations
(12th Annual Research Symposium, University of Kelaniya, 2011) Hasan; Rizvi; de Alwis, R.P.; Herath, S.; Senadipathy, C.; Mahawaththa, T.; Karunanayake, A.; Salvin, K.A.; Fernando, P.; Ranaweera, L.; Fernado, E.; Ilayperuma, I.; Salgado, S.
The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland located in the anterior triangle of the neck across the midline. Many pathological conditions such as tumours and inflammatory diseases are associated with the thyroid gland. The incidence of thyroid diseases, with or without an indication for surgical intervention is a common occurrence in clinical practice. Hence an in-depth knowledge of the morphology of the thyroid gland and its variation is of paramount importance to clinicians. Literature surveys carried out do not reveal adequate studies relevant to the morphology of the thyroid gland and its variations in a Sri Lankan population. The aim of the study is to identify the morphology of the thyroid gland and its possible variations in the Sri Lankan population. A descriptive study was carried out by dissecting 31 human cadavers (12 female and 19 male) aged between 35-80 years in the Department of Anatomy, University of Kelaniya. Measurements were taken with Vernier Caliper. The results show thirty one thyroid glands (62 sides) were observed and measurements were taken. Average length, width and thickness of the right lateral lobes were 4.11cm, 1.25cm and 1.95 respectively. Average length, width and thickness of the left lateral lobes were 4.02cm, 1.13cm and 2.05cm respectively. Pyramidal lobe was found in 12 thyroid glands (38.7%), of which 4 were in females and 8 in males. Of these 12, in 9 glands pyramidal lobe was arising from the left lobe (75%) and the rest from the isthmus(25%). Only 83.33% of pyramidal lobes were associated with levator glandulae thyroidae and the rest were independent. Levator glandulae thyroidae was observed in 10 glands (32.25%). In three glands (9.67%) isthmus was found to be absent. Significant gender difference was not identified in the dimensions of the gland. No significant difference in dimensions was observed when compared to western figures. Presence of the pyramidal lobe is not an uncommon finding. Therefore, having a sound knowledge in morphology of the thyroid may reduce the unwarranted outcomes in thyroid surgeries in Sri Lanka.
Prevalence and associated factors of voice disorders among older adults: an updated systematic review
(Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2021) Herath, S.
Introduction: Ageing is a continuing decrease in an organism’s age-specific health components caused by internal physical degradation. No systematic review is available on both prevalence and associated factors of voice disorders among older adults. Objectives: To systematically review the research conducted on prevalence and associated factors of voice disorders among older adults. Methods: This review was registered in the PROSPERO: International prospective register of systematic reviews under the registration number CRD-42020209022 and was adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Protocols on Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Electronic databases were PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS. Additionally, reference lists of the selected articles were scanned and citation searches were performed. Two concepts ‘voice disorders’ and ‘older adults’ were used to develop the electronic search strategy. Findings were narratively synthesized: including a summary of the prevalence of voice disorders and associated factors of voice disorders among older adults. Results: Seventeen articles met the eligibility criteria. Two articles were excluded after the study quality assessment and 15 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Prevalence of voice disorders among older adults ranged from 1.8% to 55.2%. Respiratory diseases, vocal fold lesion, hearing loss, thyroid disease, hypo salivation, stroke, temporal mandibular disorders, smoking, phonotrumatic behaviours, age, gender, not seeking physician/ physician type, geographic location, weight gain, income, anxiety, and depression associated with older adults’ voice disorders. Conclusions: The prevalence of voice disorders among older adults ranged from low to moderate. Factors associated with voice disorders among the older adults included both physical, psychosocial and behavioural aspects.
Urinary frequency in falciparum malaria
(Oxford University Press, 1992) de Silva, H.J.; Herath, S.; de Silva, N.R.
No Abstract Available