Browsing by Author "Grant, E.A."

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    Randomised trial to determine the optimum level of pouch-anal anastomosis in stapled restoractive proctocolectomy
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1995) Deen, K.I.; Williams, J.G.; Grant, E.A.; Billingham, C.; Keighley, M.R.B.
    PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to identify the optimum level of stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. METHOD: A prospective, randomized trial was completed to compare double-stapled ileoanal anastomosis placed at the top of anal columns (high, n = 26) with anastomosis at the dentate line (low, n = 21). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the overall complication rate between operations (high, n = 7, vs. low, n = 8; P < 0.21). Pouch-anal functional score (scale 0-12; 0 = excellent, 12 = poor) was significantly better in the high anastomosis group (median (range): 2 (1-9) vs. 5.5 (1-12); P < 0.05). Incontinence occurred in only two patients randomized to high anastomosis compared with six in the low anastomosis group. Nocturnal soiling was reported in three patients after high anastomosis and in six patients after dentate line anastomosis. Both operations caused a significant but comparable reduction of maximum and resting pressure (31 percent after high anastomosis (P < 0.05); 23 percent after low anastomosis (P < 0.05)). However, a significant fall in functional length of the anal canal was only seen after a low pouch-anal anastomosis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Stapled pouch-anal anastomosis at the top of anal columns gives better functional results compared with a stapled anastomosis at the dentate line.
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    Randomized trial of internal anal sphincter plication with pelvic floor repair for neuropathic fecal incontinence
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1995) Deen, K.I.; Kumar, D.; Williams, J.G.; Grant, E.A.; Keighley, M.R.B.
    PURPOSE:This study was designed to examine the role of adjuvant internal anal sphincter plication in women with neuropathic fecal incontinenceundergoing pelvic floor repair. METHODS: We completed a randomized trial with symptomatic and physiologic assessment before and after surgery. RESULTS: There was no symptomatic advantage of adding internal sphincter plication; the mean improvement of functional score was 3.61 +/- 1.82 (standard deviation; P < 0.01) following pelvic floor repair alone compared with 2.80 +/- 1.66 (standard deviation; P < 0.01) when adjuvant internal and sphincter plication was added. The addition of internal sphincter plication was associated with a significant fall in maximum anal resting and squeezing pressures (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Addition of internal sphincter plication is not advised in women with neuropathic fecal incontinence treated by pelvic floor repair.
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    Scintigraphic defecography: quantitative and dynamic assessment of anorectal function
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1993) Hutchinson, R.; Mostafa, A.B.; Grant, E.A.; Smith, N.B.; Deen, K.I.; Harding, L.K.; Kumar, D.
    PURPOSE: Conventional assessment of anorectal function with defecating videoproctography is semiquantitative and the high radiation exposure precludes prolonged or repeated testing. The aim of this study was to develop a dynamic scintigraphic method of assessing anorectal function. METHODS: Fourteen patients with fecal incontinence, 18 patients with chronic constipation, and 8 control subjects were assessed by scintigraphicdefecography. This involves introduction of a technetium-99m-radiolabeled artificial stool into the rectum of the subject and acquisition of gamma camera images during evacuation. RESULTS: Mean evacuation rate was 2.8 percent/second in incontinent patients and 0.9 percent/second in constipated patients (P < 0.001). The mean anorectal angles were 136 degrees and 133 degrees, respectively. There were 18 cases of pelvic floor descent and 6 rectoceles. Scintigraphicdefecography provides quantitative information on rectal evacuation. Anorectal angle and pelvic floor movement can be examined. The radiation dose to pelvic organs is significantly less than with videoproctography. CONCLUSION: We believe that scintigraphic defecography is the investigation of choice for objective and dynamic assessment of anorectal function