Browsing by Author "Firouzbakht, Mojgan"

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    Covid-19 and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Iranian Pregnant Women: a Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
    (Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2021) Firouzbakht, Mojgan; Omidvar, Shabnam; Hamzegardeshi, Zinab; Amoli, Arman Asadi
    Pregnancy-related anxiety (PRA) is defined as concerns, preoccupations, and fears related to pregnancy, delivery, neonatal health, and childrearing. Severe PRA can negatively affect women's physical and mental health and their children's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development. A major source of PRA is affliction by infectious diseases, particularly during epidemics and pandemics. Pandemics affect people and communities at different levels and cause disturbances in communities. They challenge psychological resilience and are usually associated with horror, stress, anxiety, sleep disorders, and negative attitudes towards health. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an international crisis. Pregnancy is a risk factor for COVID-19. In a systematic review study, a prevalence rate of anxiety was reported 3.8 to 17.5 % in Asian countries. This study aimed to assess PRA and its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iranian women. This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to March 2020 (in the first peak of corona disease) on 300 pregnant women purposively recruited from primary healthcare centers in Mazandaran, Iran. Data were collected using questionnaires (Pregnancy-Related Anxiety (PRA-Q), Edinburg, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of COVID-19, Corona Disease Anxiety (CDA-Q), and Demographic questionnaire), which were provided to participants through social media. Data were analyzed with the linear regression and the logistic regression analysis, at the significance level of 0.05 using the SPSS software (v. 21). Around 21% of participants had PRA, 42.1% had depression, and 4.4% had COVID-19 anxiety. The significant predictors of PRA were number of pregnancies (P = 0.008), practice regarding COVID-19 (P < 0.001), COVID-19 anxiety (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001), and social support (P = 0.025) which explained 19% of the total variance. Depression and COVID-19 anxiety increased the odds of PRA by four times and 13%, while good practice regarding COVID-19 decreased PRA odds by 62%. The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced pregnant women's access to routine prenatal care services due to factors such as the rapid spread of the disease, lack of an effective treatment or vaccine, the necessity of quarantining and its subsequent loneliness during affliction, stigmatization, and despair, and concerns over contamination with the virus in healthcare settings. Moreover, limited access to specialized care services for women with suspected COVID-19 and requests for pregnancy termination or elective Cesarean section surgery. Findings showed that pregnancy-related anxiety (PRA) in Iranian women was more than in other Asian countries. The significant predictors of PRA include gravida, practice regarding COVID-19, COVID-19 anxiety, depression, and social support. Implication: These findings can be used to accurately identify pregnant women at higher risk for PRA and develop appropriate strategies for managing mental health problems during pregnancy in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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    The Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Body Image after Breast Cancer Questionnaire
    (Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2021) Firouzbakht, Mojgan; Nia, Hamid Sharif; Rekabpour, Seyed Javad
    Background and the objective of the study:Breast cancer (BC) is the first rank between malignancy and fifth among cases of death in Iranian women. Moreover, BC case in Iran were younger than Western countries, but on the contrary, 70% cases were in advantage stage of the disease. BC treatments (including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy) are associated with changes in appearance such as breast asymmetry, lymphedema, hair loss, and skin changes. These changes may cause concerns over body image. There are some indicators in cancer's patients that affected body image, high dissatisfied with changes in appearance outcome after treatment/cancer interfered with social situations, romantic relationship, physical activity and caused persistent distress, anxiety and depression. Body image is determined by sociocultural ideals and hence, its criteria vary according to the immediate context. Body image assessment is the first step to the promotion of body image among women with BC. The Body Image after Breast Cancer Questionnaire (BIBCQ) is a BC-specific tool for body image assessment which measures the long-term effects of BC on six different aspects of body image among women with mastectomy or breast-conserving surgeries. The aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of BIBCQ.Methods:Study design, ParticipantsThis methodological study was conducted in 2018. Sample size for factor analysis was 400 Participants were conveniently recruited from Shahid Rajaei leading cancer care center, Babolsar, Iran.MeasuresData were collected using a demographic questionnaire and BIBCQ. The BIBCQ assess long term effects of breast cancer on the body image in women with mastectomy or breast -conserving surgery (lumpectomy). The BIBCQ contains 53 items. on six different aspects of body image (vulnerability, transparency, body stigma, arm concerns, body concerns and limitations). AnalysisThe content validity and the construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and its convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated using Fornell and Larcker's approach. The reliability of the questionnaire was also evaluated through Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Analyses were performed using the SPSS Amos (v. 25.0) and the JASP (v. 0.9.2).Findings:In content validity evaluation, twelve items were excluded and one item was excluded due to a low CVI value. In exploratory factor analysis, five factors (vulnerability, body stigma, bodyrelated shame, body satisfaction, and physical disability stigma) were identified. Secondorder factor analysis showed an overarching concept that labeled "Body image stigma ". The reliability of questionnaire was confirmed.Conclusion:The Persian BIBCQ has an acceptable factor structure in Iranian population and measures the broad concept of "Body image stigma ". This questionnaire can be used for post-BC body image assessment among Iranian women.Implication:Healthcare providers can use the Persian BIBCQ to measure body image among BC survivors and then, develop strategies to promote their coping with BC and improve their quality of life.