Browsing by Author "Dissanayake, P."
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Item Analysis of data of urine culture isolates of 2014 sent from seven laboratories of National Laboratory Based Surveillance of Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists(Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists, 2015) Jayatilleke, S.K.; Patabendige, G.; Karunaratne, G.K.D.; Perera, J.; Perera, R.R.D.P.; Wijesooriya, W.R.P.L.I.; Sunil-Chandra, N.P.; Kottahachchi, J.; Athukorala, D.; Dissanayake, P.; Dasanayake, M.OBJECTIVES: To determine the aetiological agents of midstream urine cultures with a colony count of >105 CFU/ml. To analyse the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urine culture isolates of 2014. METHOD: The National Laboratory Based surveillance on antimicrobial resistance is a collaborative project of the Ministry of Health and the Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists. In this project midstream urine cultures with a colony count of >105 CFU/ml were analysed. The specimens were processed according to the standard protocol specified in the laboratory manual in microbiology. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed according to the method established in the centre which is either by CLSI method or by Stake's comparative disk diffusion method. Data of 2014 sent by the participating laboratories were analysed using WHONET 5.6 software. RESULTS: The data was received from seven centres. They were The National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Sri Jayewardenapura General Hospital, Lady Ridgeway Childrens' Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Jayewardenapura and North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Ragama. A total of 4441 significant isolates were analysed. The majority were Gram negative enteric organisms, commonly known as conforms, with 3975/4979 (79.8%) isolates. The others were Candida species 408, Enterococcus species 254, Pseudomonas species 194, coagulase negative Staphylococcus species 59, Staphylococcus aureus 36, Acinetobacter species 35 and Group B beta-haemolytic Streptococcus 18. The coliforms from adults who were attending outpatient clinics had 55.2% (112/203) susceptibility to cephalexin andcephradine, 54% (161/298) to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, 65.1% (278/427) to nitrofurantoin, 48.3% (144/298) to norfloxacin, 63.4% (189/298) to cefotaxime, 97.4% (113/116) to imipenem and 100% (90/90) to meropenem. The adult inward patients had 39.5% (519/1313) susceptibility to cefotaxime, 87.9% (445/506) to meropenem, 62.6% (812/1298) togentamicin and 31.9% (405/1281) to ciprofloxacin. The coliforms from paediatric outpatients had 58.5% (69/118) susceptibility to cephalexin and cephradine, 58.5% (76/130) to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, 80% (16/20) to nitrofurantoin, 85% (17/20) to cefotaxime and 89.7% (26/29) to meropenem. The paediatric inward patients had 64.6% (53/82) susceptibility to cefotaxime, 90.5% (19/ 21) to meropenem and 80.2% (65/81)togentamicin. CONCLUSION: Coliforms, the commonest organism causing urinary tract infections (UTI), had high resistance rate in in-wardpatients but the resistance was less in outpatients, especially in the paediatric age group.Item Are we different from you: changing facets of Kaffir community in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Dissanayake, P.; Premarathne, P.Kaffir community is a unique socio-cultural group in Sri Lankan society. Though the term ―kaffir‖ is a derogatory term for African people, Sri Lankan Kaffirs use it to introduce themselves. They have accustomed to Sri Lankan culture while preserving their racial identity. A majority of Kaffirs can be seen in Puttalam currently. The objective of this study was to identify their cultural changes and contemporary problems in their daily life. A qualitative descriptive study has been conducted at the Siranbiadiya village in Puttalam area from August to December 2014. 42 villagers from the total of 22 family units including men and women considering their age were selected randomly with their consent. A pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire and focus group discussions were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS and thematic analysis. The majority of the sample was females (54.76%) and most of the villagers were daily paid labourers. Only 08% of the community was engaged in government and private sector and 76.2% earn below Rs.10, 000.00 per month. The mean age was 35 years and the majority had not completed secondary education. In the study sample, 73.8% were Sri Lankan kaffirs and others were Sinhalese due to the cultural assimilation through marriages. This community has high integration with catholic religion and rituals. Among them, attitudes in younger generations are different from elders towards the perseverance of their culture because of the social stigma. Elders are worrying about dying culture and their unique identity while younger generation pays resistance to the cultural preservation. Name changes, following popular cultures and migrating to cities are high among youth. This community faces different psycho-social problems due to economic hardships, social stigma and discriminatory social interactions. Increasing demands of their culture in the academic field also has created problems for them as they become a hotspot for researchers. This study reveals Kaffirs seeking sovereignty of their community. Provisions for reducing social stigma, cultural acceptance and financial assistance for livelihood development are vital to achieving the psycho-social well-being of this community.Item Epidermal naevus syndrome: 2 cases with a rare triad(Sri Lanka College of Paediatricians, 2013) Wanigasinghe, J.; Rodrigo, R.; Dissanayake, P.No Abstract AvailableItem Item Intra-uterine fetal blood transfusion(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2012) Dias, T.; Senanayake, H.; Ruwanpura, L.; Pathirana, P.; Dissanayake, P.No aAbstract AvailableItem ශුන්යතා සංකල්පය බිහිවීමෙහිලා විෂයාගත වූ මූලික සූත්රාගත මූල බීජ පිළිබඳ විමර්ශනාත්මක අධ්යයනයක්(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dissanayake, P.