Browsing by Author "Appleby, L.J."

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100 Years of Mass Deworming Programmes: A Policy Perspective From the World Bank's Disease Control Priorities Analyses
(London : Academic Press, 2018) Bundy, D.A.P.; Appleby, L.J.; Bradley, M.; Croke, K.; Hollingsworth, T.D.; Pullan, R.; Turner, H.C.; de Silva, N.
For more than 100 years, countries have used mass drug administration as a public health response to soil-transmitted helminth infection. The series of analyses published as Disease Control Priorities is the World Bank's vehicle for exploring the cost-effectiveness and value for money of public health interventions. The first edition was published in 1993 as a technical supplement to the World Bank's World Development Report Investing in Health where deworming was used as an illustrative example of value for money in treating diseases with relatively low morbidity but high prevalence. Over the second (2006) and now third (2017) editions deworming has been an increasingly persuasive example to use for this argument. The latest analyses recognize the negative impact of intestinal worm infection on human capital in poor communities and document a continuing decline in worm infection as a result of the combination of high levels of mass treatment and ongoing economic development trends in poor communities.
Bihar's pioneering school-based deworming programme: lessons learned in deworming over 17 million Indian school-age children in one sustainable campaign.
(San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science, 2015) Drake, L.J.; Singh, S.; Mishra, C.K.; Sinha, A.; Kumar, S.; Bhushan, R.; Hollingsworth, T.D.; Appleby, L.J.; Kumar, R.; Sharma, K.; Kumar, Y.; Raman, S.; Chakrabarty, S.; Kihara, J.H.; Gunawardena, N.K.; Hollister, G.; Kumar, V.; Ankur, A.; Prasad, B.; Ramachandran, S.; Fishbane, A.; Makkar, P.
Intestinal Nematodes: Ascariasis
(Elsevier, 2020) Bundy, D.A.P.; de Silva, N.R.; Appleby, L.J.; Brooker, S.J.
Ascariasis is the most prevalent human helminth infection, with an estimated 819 million infections worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs in warm, tropical climates that lack water and sanitation facilities and have poor hygiene. Worms inhabit the small intestine, and morbidity is related to worm burden. A small proportion of the infected population harbors the majority of worms, with intense infection most common in school-age children, and intensity and prevalence declining to a low level throughout adulthood. School-age children are therefore the targets for school-based community control efforts in large-scale treatment campaigns. Light infections can affect growth and development, whereas, due to the size of the worms, heavier worm burdens can result in intestinal obstruction, particularly in young children. Treatment with mebendazole or albendazole is efficacious, with cure rates of >90% commonly achieved.