International Conference on Applied Social Statistics (ICASS)
http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/20736
2024-03-29T12:16:24ZIdentification formats and levels in Machine Readable Cataloging Standards for Library Automation of University Libraries in Sri Lanka
http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/20761
Identification formats and levels in Machine Readable Cataloging Standards for Library Automation of University Libraries in Sri Lanka
Rathnayaka, D.; Wasala, W. M. T. A. P.
Operating all library functions by using computers without manual activities is Library Automation. Library automation has been developed for library in-house operations including acquisition, cataloguing, circulation, serial controls, user controls, budgeting and reporting such as selective dissemination of information. Library Management Systems (LMS) are being used to automate most of the university libraries in Sri Lanka. In 1960, Computers had been used for cataloguing purposes (Ghaebi et al., 2010). The functions included in LMS are mainly based on the Cataloguing standard. For example, KOHA was created depending on MARC standards. Machine Readable Catalogue (MARC) is not only a cataloguing function but, a method of cataloguing based on computer or machine and it is a scientific format for creating and identifying bibliographical information in LMS. During 1965 to 1966, MARC I was published under the project named “Pilot Project” eventually MARC II in 1967(Ghaebi et al., 2010, Henriette, 1968). MARC 21 was published after IFLA - UNESCO conference in 1972. UNIMARC, CANMARC, UKMARC, INDOMARC are some of the MARC standards which were introduced later (Ghaebi et al., 2010).
Fifteen government Universities under University Grants Commission have been used both Open Source Library Management Systems (OSLMS) and Commercial Library Management Systems (CLMS) for library automation. KOHA OSLMS was used twelve out of fifteen university libraries, other universities used CLMS for the library activities in January 2019.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZStudy of Customer Based Brand Equity in promoting Sri Lanka as a Wedding Tourism Destination - With Special Reference in Southern Region
http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/20760
Study of Customer Based Brand Equity in promoting Sri Lanka as a Wedding Tourism Destination - With Special Reference in Southern Region
Rathnayake, C.
Wedding tourism is a recently emerging tourism market which is still in its development phase when compared with sun-sea-sand and culture or nature tourism segments. After realizing the real potential benefits of this niche market, most of destinations commenced promoting wedding based tourism. Destination marketers used to market and branding destinations as perfect places for destination weddings and honeymoons.
As described by Ching, wedding destinations can be defined as the places where newly married couples make visits to feel each other without any disturbance from other common family bonds. It makes them feel very closer to their hearts and gives them lifelong pleasures. Ching further pointed out that the tropical beach is the ideal location sold by the industry for the wedding away because of its own discourse and ideology as an iconic tourist destination.
And also, Ching emphasized that the increasing popularity of the destination wedding demonstrates an attempt by couples to negotiate and even change the meaning and purpose of the wedding ritual; and, as a result, the wedding itself is taking on new meaning. In this context, wedding destinations add new meaning to the newly wedded couples beyond conventional framework. According to Abad & Hossein (n.d.) that many researchers have shown interest in brand equity concept and tried to use different approaches to measure it in various industries.
This is because of the necessity in today's marketplace to develop, maintain and use product branding to acquire a certain level of competitive advantage. Strong brand offers advantages such as competitiveness position in the markets, more brand loyalty and better reaction toward increase in price by customers. A brand could be defined as a "name, sign, symbol or design, or combination of these, intended to determine the goods of an organization and distinguish them from those of competitors" (AMA, 2013).
Hotel guests rely on brand names to reduce the risk associated with staying at an otherwise unknown property (O’Neill & Xiao, 2006). Thus, a brand is something for consumers to feel good about (Vaid, 2003), and successful brand organizations promote themselves as such. This has been further clarified by Clifton, Simonn & Ahmad (2003) and according to them brands offer potential guests the perception of reliable quality service and memorable experience.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZSocio – Demographic Profile of Criminals Who Committed Homicides: in Relation to Mahara Prison
http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/20759
Socio – Demographic Profile of Criminals Who Committed Homicides: in Relation to Mahara Prison
Kumara, S.W.P.
Homicide which is belongs to a grave crime category can be identified as a common crime to any society. Homicide is the killing of one human being by another (Adler, Muller and Laufer, 1991). Homicide can be explained simply as ‘the unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought’ (Kornblum and Julian, 1974). Assassinate a person with purposively is a homicide (The encyclopedia Americana, 1959). According to the police records, In Sri Lanka, homicides have been recorded from different areas of the country. In 2017, homicide rate for Sri Lanka was 2.3 cases per 100,000 populations. It is fluctuated the number of recorded homicides cases with the time. Homicide is caused by mix of factors and socio - demographic structure can be a risk factor for homicide. According to these facts it is essential to identify the socio – demographic profile of homicide criminals
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZIntra-Regional Tourism as a Soft Power tool of Small States: Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Cambodia
http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/20758
Intra-Regional Tourism as a Soft Power tool of Small States: Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Cambodia
Wijesinghe, H.
It is beyond doubt that power is recognized as one of the central yet problematic concepts in international relations. As identified by Joseph Nye, power is like weather. Everyone depends on it and talks about it, but few understands it (2004, p.04). Power can be simply defined as the ability to achieve one’s purposes and goals. In his epic work, “Politics among Nations” Hans J Morgenthau proclaims that international politics like all politics is a struggle for power. Whatever the ultimate aim of international politics, power is always the immediate aim (Morgenthau, 1948, p.13). Nye (2004) distinguishes between two forms of power, namely soft power and hard power. According to him, hard power refers to the ability to use the carrots and sticks of economic and military might to make others follow your will (ibid). On the other hand, soft power is defined as the ability to get what you want through attraction rather than coercion or payment, which includes culture, values and foreign policies. Soft power rests on the ability to set the political agenda in a way that shapes the preferences of others (ibid). According to Chang (2007), soft power is emerging and getting more influential in today’s global information space and it has less hard support. As far as small states are concerned, while there is so much literature available on small states, there is no consensus when it comes to defining small states. According to Chang (2007), small states suffer from a definitional problem in both theory and political practice. However, for the purpose of the study, a small state is defined as a state which can never act alone and make a significant impact on the international system, using its quantitative or tangible elements of power. This inability to influence and attract the international community through tangible elements of power has made small states rely more on soft power as a source of influencing the international community and attaining national interests.
As one of the world’s largest economic sectors, travel and tourism creates jobs, drives exports, and generates prosperity across the world (WTTC, 2018). As far as Cambodia and Sri Lanka are concerned, both countries rely heavily on tourism industry. Looking at the numbers, over the years the number of tourists visiting both the countries have increased significantly. Against this backdrop, the main objective of this study is to examine the relevance of intra-regional tourism for small states like Cambodia and Sri Lanka. It compares the where these two countries stand in the context of promoting and attracting tourists from their own regions.
2019-01-01T00:00:00Z