TRADITIONAL SRI LANKAN DYEING METHODS: A STUDY OF NATURAL COLOR PRACTICES

Abstract

This literature review investigates the traditional use of natural dyes in ancient Sri Lanka, focusing on local dye-yielding plants, traditional extraction methods, and the challenges in adapting these practices for modern use. With increasing environmental and health concerns associated with synthetic dyes, natural alternatives rooted in cultural heritage are gaining renewed attention. Twelve scholarly sources were reviewed, highlighting key dye plants such as artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) for yellow, Caesalpinia sappan (Sappanwood) for red, and Indigofera tinctoria (Indigo) for blue. Traditional methods included boiling bark and roots, fermenting leaves, and using natural mordants like alum and tannin. These techniques produced vibrant, eco-friendly colors but were affected by variables such as pH, climate, geographic location, and plant quality. The review identifies several barriers to consistent dye production, including the lack of standardized processes, seasonal limitations, and loss of documented knowledge. Despite these issues, the findings highlight the potential for reintroducing natural dyes through research-based improvements, standardization, and integration with sustainable practices. Overall, this study emphasizes the value of ancient Sri Lankan dye traditions and encourages further research to preserve and modernize these practices for eco-conscious textile production and cultural preservation.