Long-term exposure to environmentally relevant Bisphenol-A levels affects growth, swimming, condition factor, sex ratio and histology of juvenile zebrafish
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Date
2024
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Scientific Reports
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental estrogen which perturbs hormone signaling pathways adversely
affecting aquatic organisms. To evaluate the impact of developmental exposure to long term yet
environmentally relevant low doses of BPA, wild-type juvenile zebrafish of 35 days post fertilization
were treated with BPA (1 and 10 μg/L), treatment control (0.5% v/v methanol) and control for 60 days.
Both BPA treatments led to significantly increased morality overtime. Length increment and specific
growth rates became significantly high in BPA exposed zebrafish overtime. Obesogenic property
of BPA was not evident with longexposure to low BPA doses. A significantly high and BPA dosedependent
female-biased sex ratios were observed following the juvenile exposure. Significantly low
swimming speed was recorded in the fish of both BPA-treated tanks than that of control. Condition
factor was significantly low in BPA exposed fish indicating the poor-wellness. There were numerous
histopathological alterations of gonads, liver and kidney indicating impacts of juvenile exposure
in zebrafish. Altered growth, swimming, mortality, feminization and histopathological changes in
zebrafish induced by BPA indicate the risks associated with developmental exposures. The findings call
for more comprehensive studies to comprehend the ecological risks imposed by low concentrations of
environmental estrogens in urban aquatic ecosystems.
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Keywords
Bisphenol A, Zebrafish, Juvenile exposure, Environmental concentrations, Physiological impact
Citation
Pathirajage, K. S., & Rajapaksa, G. (2024). Long-term exposure to environmentally relevant Bisphenol-A levels affects growth, swimming, condition factor, sex ratio and histology of juvenile zebrafish. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-73538-x