Communication interventions for high-risk infants: professionals' perspectives on establishing services in Sri Lanka

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early intervention is critical for optimising outcomes in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) identifies the role of family, interventions through early detection and intervention services within environmental and personal factors. This study explored the perspectives of professionals regarding the implementation and effectiveness of family-centred early intervention within the Sri Lankan context and evaluated the applicability of the ICF model in this setting. METHODS: A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted with 30 professionals from healthcare and education settings. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on their experience in child development. Data was collected through semistructured interviews, transcribed and analysed thematically to identify key themes and subthemes. The validity of the data was ensured through thick descriptions and member checking. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that Sri Lankan early intervention practices show a positive trajectory, more emphasis is placed on the medical model and curative care, with less focus on preventive care and child activity and participation. Participants identified family-centred early intervention as a necessary and potentially effective approach for the Sri Lankan context. Key promoters included professional knowledge, environmental modifications and access to information, while socioeconomic barriers, limited resources and difficulties in implementing the ICF model effectively were challenges. CONCLUSION: The findings highlighted resources available within the Sri Lankan health and education system to introduce family-centred early intervention and identified families as a key resource as framed within the ICF model. Therefore, it is essential to adopt culturally sensitive methods to implement and sustain such programmes.