SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE ADOPTABILITY OF SUSTAINABLE LOGISTICS PRACTICES IN THE FMCG INDUSTRY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Abstract

This systematic literature review investigates the adoptability of sustainable logistics practices (SLPs) within the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, focusing on implementation challenges, enablers, and thematic areas across global and developing country contexts. A total of 30 peer-reviewed studies were systematically selected and analyzed using PRISMA methodology. The review explores core logistics domains of transportation, warehousing, sustainable packaging, and reverse logistics, while examining variations in adoption levels between mature and emerging markets. Findings indicate that while global FMCG firms are increasingly integrating sustainability into logistics operations, the pace and depth of adoption vary significantly in developing economies. Key drivers identified include regulatory mandates, consumer pressure, cost efficiency, and leadership commitment. Conversely, common barriers include high implementation costs, lack of infrastructure, limited awareness, and fragmented supply chain coordination, issues particularly pronounced in developing countries. The analysis also reveals an imbalance in sustainability focus, with environmental aspects receiving greater emphasis than social or economic dimensions. The review further synthesizes strategic interventions that enhance adoptability, such as digital logistics platforms, public-private collaboration, and capacity-building programs. These measures are positioned as essential for firms seeking to align with sustainability standards and improve long-term competitiveness. By consolidating existing research, this study contributes to the understanding of sustainable logistics readiness in the FMCG sector. It offers a foundation for future empirical investigations and policy development aimed at supporting green supply chain transitions.