Addressing Cultural Challenges in Knowledge Transfer within Distributed IT Teams: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The Information Technology (IT) sector is increasingly adopting distributed teams, uniting professionals from diverse cultural backgrounds. However, this diversity poses challenges to effective knowledge transfer (KT), particularly in teams with Asian members, whose cultural norms complicate communication and collaboration. While existing research has explored how such cultural differences affect KT, most studies focus on specific bilateral relationships, limiting the understanding of recurring challenges common across Asian contexts. Identifying these patterns is essential for developing unified strategies applicable to diverse cultural settings, as most IT teams consist of members from various Asian countries. Therefore, this systematic review synthesizes empirical findings from studies that examine cultural challenges in Asian-involved distributed IT teams. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, 31 studies published between 2014 and 2024 were analyzed. The synthesis reveals common challenges such as differing communication styles, desire to preserve face, and hierarchical norms. Strategies to address these issues include cultural training programs, engaging cultural mediators, and fostering trust through team-building initiatives. This study offers practical insights for IT organizations to enhance KT practices in cross-cultural teams. It also highlights gaps in the literature and suggests directions for future research related to KT.