Comparative desorption efficiency of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from used plasma-functionalized coconut coir biochar

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Date

2024

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Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka

Abstract

This study investigates the desorption of Cadmium (Cd(II)) and Lead (Pb(II)) ions from used plasmafunctionalized coconut coir biochar (PBC), a process crucial for wastewater treatment. The improper disposal of used adsorbents laden with Cd(II) and Pb(II) contributes to environmental pollution, making this research significant. Coconut coir biochar (BC) was prepared using coconut coir dust via pyrolysis at 500 °C for 3 h under controlled N2 environment. The BC was subjected to atmospheric air plasma treatment (AAPT) for 30 min to produce PBC. Both BC and PBC were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), point of zero charge (pHPZC), methylene blue (MB) and iodine number, moisture and ash content. The quantitative analysis was performed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). At pH 7, PBC adsorbs 130.00 mg g-1 of Cd(II) from a 250 ppm solution, and at pH 5, it adsorbs 80.97 mg g-1 of Pb(II) from a 500 ppm solution within 1 minute. In comparison, BC shows lower adsorption capacities of 96.00 mg g-1for Cd(II) and 50.01 mg g-1for Pb(II) under the same conditions. Desorption experiments were conducted using 25.0 mg of Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorbed BC and PBC, which were shaken with HNO3 as the desorbing agent at 30 °C. The pH and contact time were optimized to evaluate the maximum desorption capacity of both BC and PBC. The maximum desorption capacity of Pb(II) for PBC was 73.80 mg g-1 within a contact time of 15-minute and for Cd(II), it was 8.91 mg g-1 under the optimum conditions of pH 1 and 1-minute contact time. For BC maximum desorption capacity of Pb(II) was 47.63 mg g-1 with a 30-minute contact time and for Cd(II), it was 8.54 mg g-1 under the pH 1 and 1-minute contact time. The desorption percentage from the adsorbed amount was 91.14% for Pb(II) and 6.85% for Cd(II) for PBC. For BC, it was 95.24% for Pb(II) and 8.83% for Cd(II). These results highlight the potential of PBC as an efficient adsorbent for the remediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in wastewater, demonstrating high efficiency in Pb(II) desorption but limited efficiency in Cd(II) desorption.

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Keywords

Biochar, Cadmium, Lead, Plasma, Recovery

Citation

De Alwis B.; Rathnayake I.; Munaweera I.; Perera A. D. L. C.; Jayasinghe S. (2024), Comparative desorption efficiency of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from used plasma-functionalized coconut coir biochar, Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS 2024-Kelaniya) Volume 4, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka. Page 130

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