Commerce and Management
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Item The Comparative Study of Generation X and Generation Y; Their Work-Life Balance(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Chandrarathna, W. D. P. S. H.; Welmilla, I.The prevailing economic crisis in the country led the organizations to enhance worklife balance within every organization because nowadays every person is struggling to live. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to identify the differences between Generation X and Generation Y. This study intends to contribute to filling the theoretical and empirical gap in the existing literature within the Sri Lankan context. Hence this was a quantitative and cross-sectional study which was based on an organization in Informational Technology Industry. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a convenient sampling technique. T-test for sample groups were used to measure the difference between the two generations and to test the advanced hypotheses of the study by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The analyzed results show that there is a significant difference between Generation X and Y in their work-life balance. Furthermore, this study is a move for organizational management to take necessary actions to create satisfied employees within the organization with the support of supervisors and peers. Moreover, this study was limited only to one particular company in the Informational Technology Industry in Sri Lanka and all 235 employees are included in the population for this study. Stratified random sampling was used to select the sample from the population. Therefore, the current study suggested that to conduct the study by considering all organizations in the business world within Sri Lanka to get an effective output from future research.Item Factors Affect to Work Life Balance of Female Employees in Medium Scaled Apparel Sector Sri Lanka(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Chandrapala, H. T. S.; Welmilla, I.The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affect to work life balance of female employees in medium scaled apparel sector Sri Lanka. This study intends to contribute to filling the knowledge gap by looking into the relationship between factors affect to WLB and work life balance. As per the investigations done in literature review, most of the researches are done in global context. In the Sri Lankan context there are no enough studies that had been done on this area. This study explored the relationship and examined the influence of supportive work environment, poor family and work supportive system, work overload, burdened roles/ job sharing and ineffective WLB policy on Work Life Balance of female employees in medium scaled apparel sector Sri Lanka. This research is deductive (theory–testing) research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Married women in medium scaled apparel sector were chosen as the population of the study. The sample size was 152, data collection was done through a standard questionnaire and simple random sampling technique. A hard copy of standard questionnaire was created and distributed to collect data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 23.0 was used as a tool for data analysis and both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely correlation and regression were used to analyze data. The results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between the supportive work environment and the work-life balance of female employees in the medium scaled apparel sector of Sri Lanka and there is a significant negative relationship between the poor family/work supportive system, work overload, burdened roles/ job sharing, ineffective WLB policy on Work Life Balance of female employees in the medium scaled apparel sector of Sri Lanka.Item The Impact of the Flexible Work Arrangements on the Employee Performance in the IT Industry Employees Sri Lanka(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Chakrawarthi, C. W. S.; Welmilla, I.This study examines the dynamic relationship that exists between employee performance and flexible work arrangements (FWA) in the context of Sri Lanka's IT sector. With the radical shifts that the modern workforce is experiencing, implementing flexible work arrangements has become essential to organizational strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the complex link that exists between FWA and employee performance measures within the context of the IT industry in Sri Lanka. The study explores the various facets of flexible work arrangements, including flex time. Work shift. This study aims to determine how FWA affects key performance metrics for workers in the IT sector through a thorough assessment of the literature and empirical investigation. Through the assessment of variables including output, contentment in the workplace, and equilibrium between work and personal life, the study seeks to offer sophisticated understandings of the ways in which flexible work arrangements impact entire worker performance. The objective of this study is to enhance scholarly conversations and provide useful insights for IT companies in Sri Lanka that aim to improve their workforce management approaches. In summary, this study clarifies the complex link that exists between flexible work arrangement and employee performance in the ever-changing Sri Lankan IT sector. Through dissecting this relationship's intricacies, the research hopes to offer significant perspectives that may inform organizational decision-making, human resource practices, and the continuing conversation about the changing nature of employment in the IT industry.Item Factors Effecting to Turnover Intention of Cabin Crew Employees in Sri Lanka(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Bhagya, R. A. N.; Welmilla, I.The purpose of this research is to identify the factors effecting to turnover intention of Sri Lankan cabin crew employees. In addition to that, this study intends to contribute to identify what factors have high impact on turnover intention if cabin crew employees in Sri Lankan context. Although there is enough literature on how different factors like work life balance, work stress impact on cabin crew employee turnover intention in the western region. There is less research context in Sri Lanka to test the how those factors impact on turnover intention of particular employees special after COVID 19. This study explored the relationship and examined the influence of work life balance, work stress, occupational health, and job satisfaction those variables among cabin crew employees in Sri Lanka. This research is deductive (theory–testing) research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Cabin crews working for Sri Lankan airlines were chosen as the population of the study. The sample size was 274, data collection was done through a self-administered questionnaire and Convenience sampling technique. A Google form was created and distributed to collect data. The number of employees who responded was 160 among 383 employees. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 23.0 was used as a tool for data analysis and both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely correlation and regression were used to analyze data. The results indicate that work life balance, work stress, occupational health and job satisfaction impact on turnover intention on cabin crew employees working in Sri Lanka.Item The Impact of Talent Management on Employee Intention to Retention in Apparel Sector Organizations in Sri Lanka(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Bandara, K. K. C.; Welmilla, I.In the dynamic and competitive landscape of the global apparel sector, organizations in Sri Lanka are confronted with the imperative challenge of retaining skilled and proficient employees. This study investigates the critical nexus between talent management practices and employee intention retention within in the context of Sri Lankan apparel sector organizations. Utilizing a thorough examination of literature, organizational policies, and empirical data, the research aims to delineate the multifaceted dimensions of talent management and its direct influence on employee intention to retention in the organization. Key factors such as recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, and career advancement programs analyzed to discern their individual and collective impact on employee intention to retain. The findings of this research endeavor to contribute valuable insights to organizational leaders, human resource practitioners, and policymakers in the Sri Lankan apparel sector, facilitating the formulation of evidence-based strategies for talent management that resonate with the unique challenges of the industry and foster a sustainable, motivated workforce. Ultimately, the study aspires to offer practical recommendations to enhance the efficacy of talent management initiatives and strength employee intention to retention in Sri Lanka's apparel sector.Item The Impact of Employee Perceived Job Security on Employee Commitment; Moderating Effect of Self Efficacy in a Selected Organization of Apparel Sector in Sri Lanka.(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Bandara, H.M.T.S.; Welmilla, I.The purpose of this research is to identify the impact of job security on the Employee commitment of executive-level employees in apparel sector organizations in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate the moderating role of Self Efficacy in the relationship between job security and employee commitment among executives in the Sri Lanka apparel sector. In addressing research gap, the study explores the connection between job security and employee commitment, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 crisis in Sri Lanka. This research follows a deductive approach, emphasizing theory testing. A survey research strategy and quantitative method were employed. The study targeted executive-level employees within a selected organization in the Sri Lankan apparel sector as the study population, with a sample size of 118. Data collection involved the distribution of printed questionnaires using a convenience sampling technique. Correlation and regression analysis were employed to interpret the findings. The result revealed a robust positive correlation between organizational commitment and job security, indicating a significant impact of job security on organizational commitment among executive employees. Regression analysis further confirmed the substantial influence of job security on executives' organizational commitments. Conversely, the study found that selfefficacy does not exert a significant impact on employees’ organizational commitments.Item Impact of Occupational Stress on Turnover Intention: Study of Female Machine Operators in XYZ Garment Factory(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Dewapriya, H. D. K. K.; Welmilla, I.This research aims to identify the impact of Occupational Stress on Employee Turnover Intention in the workplace. In addition to that, this study intends to contribute to filling the knowledge gap by looking into the relationship between Occupational Stress and Turnover Intention. Although the between Occupational Stress and Turnover Intention is established in western literature, very few studies have examined these with employee Turnover Intention in the Sri Lankan context, especially in the apparel industry and in female machine operators. This study explored the relationship and examined the influence of those variables among operational-level employees who work in a garment factory in Sri Lanka. This research is deductive (theory–testing) research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Female machine operators of XYZ garment factory were chosen as the population of the study. A simple random sampling technique was used to calculate the sample size. Accordingly, the sample size was 248 observations and used primary data as a data source; data collection was done through a standard questionnaire. A Google form was created and distributed to collect data. The number of employees who responded was 176 & 168 responses were considered after discarding. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 23.0 was used as a tool for data analysis and both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely correlation and regression were used to analyse data. The results indicate that Occupational Stress positively impacts Employee Turnover Intention.Item Impact of Employer Branding on Employee Engagement: A Study of Whole-Level Employees’ in “Pradhesheshiya Sanwardhana Bank” Head Office in Matara(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Devindi, M. G. K.; Welmilla, I.Employee engagement is an important concept in Human Resource Management, and it is clearly representing the two-way relationship between employer and employee. Further, engaged employees are emotionally connected with their organization. There are many factors affecting employee engagement. However, there are not enough empirical studies to identify the impact of employer branding on employee engagement in the Sri Lankan context. Hence, by conducting this study, the researcher tried to identify the impact of employer branding on employee engagement with special reference to “Pradheshiya Sanwardana Bank” head office located in Matara. This study has examined the impact of a healthy work atmosphere, training & development, work-life balance and compensations and benefits on employee engagement. This study was conclusive research, and the deduction method was used as the research approach. The researcher followed a cross-sectional research design, and the study was conducted using a quantitative method. For collecting primary data, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the whole level employees in “Pradheshiya Sanwardana Bank” head office in Matara. The researcher has used simple random sampling under the probability sampling technique. Hence, a total of 100 whole-level employees were selected randomly from the “Pradheshiya Sanwardana Bank” head office as the sample size. Multiple Regression analysis has been used to identify the degree of impact of independent variables on the dependent variable. Furthermore, independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were conducted to identify where there is a statistically significant impact of demographic factors on employee engagement. According to the findings of the study, the researcher has found that there was a statistically significant impact of all the dimensions of employer branding on employee engagement. The results of t-tests showed that age, marital status, education level and length of organization seniority had a significant impact on employee engagement, while gender had no impact on employee engagement among the whole level employees of “Pradheshiya Sanwardana Bank” head office in Matara.Item Examining the Impact of Illegitimate Tasks on Counterproductive Work Behaviour through Workplace Incivility: With Special Reference to a Leading Container Terminal in Port of Colombo, Sri Lanka.(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Devasinghe, D. M. G. H. S.; Welmilla, I.This research aims to examine the impact of Illegitimate Tasks on counterproductive work behaviour through workplace Incivility. In addition to that, this study intends to contribute to filling the knowledge gap by looking into the relationship between Illegitimate Tasks and Counterproductive Work Behaviour, whereas workplace incivility is defined as an underlying reason through which this association exists. Although the relationship between Illegitimate Tasks and Counterproductive Work Behaviour is established in western literature, no studies have examined these in the Sri Lankan context. Therefore, this study explored the relationship and examined the influence of those variables among the employees working in a leading container terminal in the port of Colombo in Sri Lanka. This research is deductive (theory–testing) research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Employees of the ABC container terminal at the port of Colombo were chosen as the population. of the study. A simple random sampling technique was exercised in selecting the sample of 168 respondents. A Google form was created and distributed to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics, namely correlation and regression, were used to analyze data. The results indicate a significant positive impact of Illegitimate Tasks on counterproductive work behaviour through workplace Incivility.Item Impact of Training Effectiveness on Employee Engagement of Sales Employees in the Insurance Industry in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) De Silva, P. S. T.; Welmilla, I.The purpose of this research is to identify the impact of training effectiveness on employee engagement of sales employees in the insurance industry in Sri Lanka. The study is limited to the identification of the factors of sales employees through convenience sampling in the insurance industry in Sri Lanka. This research is deductive (Theory – testing) research. The study population consisted of all sales employees in the insurance industry in Sri Lanka. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Krejci and Morgan's table was used to calculating the sample size. Accordingly, the sample size was 384 observations and used primary data as the data source; data collection was done through a self-administered questionnaire. According to regression analysis, results indicate that training effectiveness significantly impacts on employee engagement by 81.2%. Correlation analysis results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between training effectiveness and employee engagement by 90.1%. The result suggested that training effectiveness is an effective way to develop organizational employee engagement. The present study could facilitate and provide a guideline to consider implementing practical applications regarding enhancing employee engagement. The findings of the study have the potential of practical implications for managers and employees alike, where they can increase employee engagement levels in the insurance sector through effective employee training. In conclusion, the current study concludes by declaring that training effectiveness positively impacts employee engagement.