International Studies Students’ Research Symposium (ISSRS)
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Item Sri Lankan Female Domestic Workers in Middle East: Issues, Challenges and Way Forward(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Nadeesha Hashani, D.The movement of women as domestic workers is a disputable issue in Sri Lanka. Every year, over a million women migrate for employment, the majority of these migrants are domestic workers. Sri Lanka is known as one of the largest labour exporting countries in South Asia at present and the majority of labour migrants are women who migrate as domestic workers to the Middle East. According to reports, recent interviews and statements given by women who have worked in the Middle East as domestic workers are struggling with many issues. The main objective of this research is, to identify the problems faced by Sri Lankan women housemaids in the Middle East. And also suggest appropriate policy recommendations. Specific objectives are to identify the factors that affect or those issues, to make aware people about the issues facing women domestic workers in the Middle East. Primary and secondary data will be used in this research. Primary data will be collected through interviews and questioner filled by the victims who have experience in this situation. Secondary data collected through academic journals, books and other web-based academic publications which have been published relevant to this study. The qualitative methodology will be used to analyze these data. This study will be limited to the Middle East because most of the Sri Lankan women are working in the Middle East. This research is timely significant to Sri Lanka because in the one hand this kind of situations is badly affected to the bilateral relationships with Middle East countries. Therefore, not only this research significant and valid but also timelyItem The United States Involvement in the Middle East and Its Impact on Syrian Crisis(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) De Zoysa, G.D.N.Many of the scholars and world leaders consider the new reactions of the Syrian crisis in the Middle East. Collapse of the Arab Spring was the main reason for the uprising of the Syrian Civil war. The general strategic picture of Syria experiences the on-going full scale civil war between the Assad regime and its opposition’s forces. It caused the lack of employment, human right violation and other socio economic demographic factors. Because of that, some regional powers and global powers are involving to give their new answers. United States was the one countries that connected their actions for the Assad regime. Syria under the Assad regime has developed strong relations with Iran and Russia. These two countries are enemies of United States. The main reason for the United States intervention in Syria was the use of chemical weapons by Assad regime. In addition to destroy the Islamic rules in the Middle East. Another one is collapsing the Assad regime has been long standing goal of successes of United States. Therefore, this study examines to find out the economic, political, military impact of United States towards the Syrian crisis under the Presidents of Barak Obama and Donald Trump administrations. This study based on qualitative data methodology and relevant information’s are gathered through the websites, research articles-journals, and online magazines. This study attempts to explore the what are the effect of United States gets standing the Syria. On the other hand, this research further reveals the unstable situation in Syria due to the United States sanctions and its interest on Syria. This has negatively influence the challenge to other global powers and regional powers for building their security options in the Middle East. It may create the new situations between the Syria and United StatesItem The Application of Non-violence Approach for Settling Prolonged Civil Wars: Case Study of Syria(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Dilhani, R.W.T.By nature, wars are the component instrument and it is fundamentally political. The parts involved in war should concentrate all their energy towards the final aim: victory. Recently, wars become smaller than before but even so, they seem to be more intense and vicious as always. The local actors’ revolt in civil wars to achieve their diverse goals. The Middle East wanted for once beginning the wave of rebellion against their ruling regimes. The wave is called as “Arab Spring” and it has led to demonstrate plenty of pro-democracy changes across the whole Middle East continent within a short period. For decades currently, the international actors tried to bring an end state to civil wars through negotiated settlements instead of the military approach. Find a peaceful solution to the Syrian conflict seems very difficult. The economic, political or cultural issues do not seem to be viable barriers to a winning negotiated agreement and a mediation method has already been initiated inside Syria´s case. Therefore, the objective of this is to determine why a negotiated settlement has not been found in Syrian war. And also, to identify the importance of the use of non - violence negotiation approach rather than a military approach to the Syrian Civil War. The research takes up a descriptive analysis method under the qualitative approach to that end it gathers secondary data that assess conflict situation of Syria. The research findings manifest that how some actors had influenced to the development of the conflict making use of their status on the national and international stage. And also, conflict from different perspectives have been disclosed additional reasons that contribute to the failure of the negotiation process in Syria. Therefore, there should be a proper mechanism to bring a successful non-violence approach for Syrian war. If the negotiated application can be succeeded within this civil war, its results will be answerable for other same situations in the worldItem An Analysis of Socio Cultural Issue related to Unskilled Women Migration from Sri Lanka to Middle East.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Alles, D.R.Since 1977 Sri Lankan unskilled women migration gradually move for substantially important path. Moreover it gathered foreign remittances to the motherland and it becomes key aspect of annual Gross National Product (GNP). And the social aspect of economically wellbeing is encouraged rural or countryside people to migrate, especially women to Middle East as Housemaids. Then in 1985 Sri Lankan Ministry of Foreign employment established Sri Lanka foreign employment Bureau and Sri Lanka foreign employment Agency to support and encourage people. During the 90th century Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Dubai, Oman, Jordan, Lebanon, Bahrain were popular. Then Sri Lanka became a labour source country. This research observed about challengers, difficulties and harassments faced by the housemaids in Middle East and why they become victims of those facts under following objectives. To identify reasons of increased unskilled women migration from Sri Lanka to Middle East. To analyze the Socio and Cultural issues in working places of Middle East. To determine the actions were taken by the government to decrease the problems of Middle East and limitations of that. And secondary data such as researches and recorded data about former housemaid employers may contribute to identify their attitudes on employments in Middle East. Moreover their own experiences will be the great evidences to find key tasks. They do not have proper education of using electronics and about culture. Also cannot against over their master’s behaviors. Because of they are week and powerless. Some of housemaids came back with permanently disabled, sick, sexual harassments, painful experiences or died. And the other social effect is children of migrate mother exploited by the society. Those findings were the outcomes of this research. Suggestions are the government should make more successful procedure for unskilled women migration to the Middle East, The human rights of housemaids must be protected. Therefore this women migration must be updated by the current circumstances according to the world labour market and responsible to protect social condition of human values. This research should be important for scholars, researchers, undergraduates and people who are engaged with this subject for further observations.Item The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism and its Impact on Syrian Crisis.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Liyanage, P.K.Many of the world leaders and scholars consider Islamic fundamentalism as the newest global threat in the contemporary global society. The rivalry between Communism and the Capitalism has been replaced by a new conflict between the West and the Islamic fundamentalists. Ever since the 9/11 attack, calamities connected with radical Islam movement has spread rapidly worldwide. In the present situation negative implication of this movement is manifested in the infamous “Arab Spring” disrupting the stability of Middle East nations. Syrian Crisis is also an extension of this series of uprisings starting from 2011. It has caused lot of bloodshed and brutal atrocities, as well as the most primitive and savage practices which have made half of the Syrian population to flee the country in terror. The emergence fundamentalist movements like Al-Qaeda affiliated Al –Nusra Front and ISIS have made the Syrian Crisis more complex together with thousand other jihadists and opportunists. Therefore this study prioritizes to find out the negative impact of Islamic fundamentalism on further escalation of the Syrian crisis. The study is based on secondary data gathered through books, websites, research articles, online magazines, journal articles, newspaper articles, and public speeches given by political leaders and intellectuals. The theory of the Clash of Civilizations by Samuel P. Huntington was utilized to analyze how the rise of Islamic fundamentalism impact on the Syrian Crisis. Based on this theory the study reveals that the clashes have escalated with the increased involvement of fundamentalist movements based on the issues of religion and culture. The research further discloses that rise of the fundamentalist movements in Middle East region and the unstable situation of Syria due to political, economic and sectarian issues has become influencing factors for the development and involvement of these fundamentalist movements in Syrian Crisis. Thus it can be deduced that there is a strong relationship among Islamic Fundamentalism and the Syrian Crisis and it has challenged the security situation of Syria negatively. Since fundamentalism embodies radical ideologies and adopts violence as the central means to promote its goal and establish the new order, the future of Syria seems to be bleak.