ICARE 2022

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Impact of board characteristics on bank performance: evidence from commercial banks listed in CSE
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Saliya, S.G.D.T.; Gunasekara, U.L.T.P.
This study aims to determine the Impact of Board Structure on the Performance of Commercial Banks listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange. To get efficient Performance through the best corporate governance the full list of licensed commercial banks listed in CSE was selected as the sample. The data is collected from 2012 to 2021 from the annual reports, audited financial statements, websites & CSE websites. They are all secondary data sources. This study uses the company's performance based on the following financial performance measures: return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) and board structure consisting of board size, board independence, executive directors, board meetings, gender diversity and advanced education of the board. Bank asset size and bank age were used as the control variables in this study. Many of the studies discovered how board characteristics impact firm performance, but very few studies were done for the banking sector in Sri Lanka. The regression modelling was done for identifying the relationships between board characteristics and bank financial performance. The study's findings suggest that the frequency of board meetings, gender, advanced education and board independence have a positive substantial influence on ROE & ROA. And board size has a negative substantial influence on ROE & ROA. But there is no significant relationship between the size of the board and bank performance. Additionally, the asset size of the bank and the age of the bank have a positive and significant impact on ROA & ROE. This study contributes to the literature on corporate governance and bank performance by providing the framework that affects the relationship between board structure and bank performance in the context of listed commercial banks. The findings of the study are important for policymakers, investors, regulators, and other bankers of the country. Commercial banks would put more attention on the structure and quality of the board to improve their performance
The review of company response on sustainable development goals - evidence from listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Fernando, W.S.R.; Munasinghe, M.A.T.K.
This study aimed to examine the companies’ response to sustainable development goals (SDGs) by reviewing information disclosures in company annual reports. The sample of this study includes annual reports of 25 listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka that reported SDG information for five years during 2017-2021. Qualitative content analyses were used to analyze the information contained in the reports to recognize the nature of commitment to SDG/s. As the findings reveal over the years manufacturing companies have moved from a few towards including all 17 SDGs for reporting purposes. Companies disclose less information about the sustainability impacts of the selected SDG but more information describing the respective SDG/s during early periods of reporting. Narrative information highlights their commitment to the SDGs as a contribution to shaping the future of the world’s sustainable development, particular focus has been given to the goal of climate action. Nevertheless, SDGs reporting needs more research to analyze the reporting patterns over the years and to examine factors that influence commitment and information disclosures. The study contributed to the academic literature on sustainable development goals from the context of the manufacturing sector in Sri Lanka.
Internal factors affecting the profitability of public sector banks in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Nawarathna, R.G.N.M.; Aruppala, W.D.N.
A country's population can benefit from superior financial services depending on the development of its banking system. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which internal bank factors in Sri Lanka's public sector banks have an impact on their profitability. Operating cost efficiency, bank size, and liquidity are evaluated as internal bank characteristics, and return on assets (ROA) is taken into account as a measure of profitability in this study. For the ten-year period from 2012 to 2021, panel data was gathered from the financial statements of seven public sector banks in Sri Lanka that were published on the government information center (GIC). The variables were calculated using the correlation method, which was then utilized to run the regression model. The Eviews software package will be used to evaluate the study. The empirical findings revealed a negative relationship between liquidity and operating cost effectiveness and public sector banks’ profitability in Sri Lanka. The estimation result demonstrates that bank size and capital have a considerable, favorable impact on bank profitability. The findings imply that more policies should be implemented by the government to encourage public sector banks to increase their capital bases. As a result, the banks will be protected in the event of a financial disaster that affects the entire nation. Banks must make investments in effective technologies that will improve their control over operating costs. In order to increase their competitiveness in the market, public sector banks need to expand their efforts in the area of income diversification.
Impact of the advancement of accounting software on the accounting practices: a qualitative study
(Aasik I.M.; Gunasekara U.L.T.P. (2022), Impact of the advancement of accounting software on the accounting practices: a qualitative study, 8th International Conference Accounting Researchers & Educators (ICARE 2022), Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka. 86., 2022) Aasik, I.M.; Gunasekara, U.L.T.P.
This study is to investigate and explore the impact of the advancement of accounting software on the accounting practices of Sri Lankan firms. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the evaluation of accounting software and obtain an understanding of the importance of using an Accounting Information System (AIS) derived from Accounting Software (AS) to achieve performance. Several characteristics such as efficiency, reliability, ease of use, data quality and accuracy influenced the use of Accounting Information Systems, thereby affecting the performance of firms. The result of this study shows that these Accounting Information System characteristics possessed by accounting information such as efficiency, reliability, ease of use, data quality and accuracy have significant effects on the use of AIS and a firm’s performance. Previous research has shown that it is crucial for firms to use Accounting Information Systems to ensure the survival and sustainability of business in the increasingly competitive environment besides enhancing their business operations competency and efficiency. This study is one of few that could shed light on how the evaluation of accounting software affects the performance of firms. This study proposes the dimensions of using an Accounting Information System that is important for improving the performance of business organizations.
The impact of green manufacturing practices on economic performance of the listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Ruvini, W.K.; Munasinghe, M.A.T.K.
Green manufacturing practice is of vital importance in today’s context as people have become more conscious about the environment and this has mainly affected the manufacturing industry. Companies that should be considered when making strategic decisions on green manufacturing could benefit from the guidance provided by studies like this one that link green manufacturing practices with the economic performance of Sri Lanka's listed manufacturing companies. Most of the studies were done relating to the impact of the green practices on operational or financial performance, where limited studies revealed the impact on the economic performance of the manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. Hence the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of green manufacturing practices on economic performance of the listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. This study will mainly test the existing practices, key aspects of economic performance subjected to green manufacturing practices & relationship between the green manufacturing practices and economic performance. This research will use the return on equity (ROE), return on asset (ROA) and return on capital employed (ROCE) to measure the economic performance of the organization. This research has used all the manufacturing listed companies as the population, and 50 companies were selected as the sample for the study. Data will be collected from annual reports for the period from 2017 to 2022. In this study, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis are used to analyze the data by using e views software. The findings will report that all the green manufacturing practices considered in this study affect the economic performance of the listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. This study is expected to contribute to all the society, decision makers and policy makers to identify regarding the economic performance and green practices in organization.
The effect of corporate social responsibility practices on the firm’s reputation and performance: evidence from the listed licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Dissanayake, D.M.V.P.S.; Karunaratne, W.V.A.D.
This study is aimed to examine the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility practices on the firm’s reputation and performance. This study used listed licensed commercial banks in the Sri Lanka context. This study has used corporate social responsibility dimensions such as employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction. The data is collected from the annual reports of listed licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka, employees who work in listed licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka and customers who consume banking facilities in listed licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka. The data is collected from a structured questionnaire as a primary data source. The study examined a sample from Sri Lankan-listed licensed commercial banks covering the period of 2012–2021. The regression analysis and descriptive statistics are absorbed for analyzing data using SPSS software and EViews software. Days in the present, corporate social responsibilities are the most talkative concept in the world. According to the Covid-19 pandemic situation, CSR is considered the main concept of an entity. Recently banks are used CSR practices to improve their performance and the reputation of the company through the attention of the customers and their employees. Company reputation is the most important factor to improve the level of customers. There is no significant and appropriate evidence regarding the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility practices on the firm’s reputation and performance Sri Lankan commercial banking industry. According to previous studies, there are four approaches to CSR that have been specified inactive, reactive, active and proactive. This research will be used this model to identify the relationship between CSR practices and firms’ performance and reputation. The findings of the study would be useful to the policymakers, potential investors and different types of other stakeholders in the banking industry.
The impact of electronic banking on financial performance of Sri Lankan banks
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Gamage, C.J.; Aruppala, W.D.N.
Electronic banking is a product of e-commerce in the banking field. In Electronic banking, source documents and records exist in digital format instead of a manual accounting system. This concept is adopted at an international level with the global economy. If that these accounting systems are used, to enter information accurately and it eliminates calculation errors as a manual system. Any Bank able to purchase accounting software as a system, can develop their own or purchase a program while making banks own modifications. This paper attempts to examine how electronic banking impacts the financial performance of Sri Lankan banks. Numerous studies have been done to find the impact of electronic banking and financial performance worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a research gap based on this in the Sri Lankan context. Therefore, this research study focuses on commercial banks in Sri Lanka. This study will test the relationship between electronic banking and financial performance. This research will use return on assets (ROA) to measure the financial performance. This study will use Automated Teller Machine (ATM) operations, Point of Sale (P.O.S) and Electronic Transactions (e-transact) to measure electronic banking. This research has used all licensed commercial banks and licensed specialized banks as the population, and Licensed commercial banks,100 operational level managers were selected as sample for this study. Since surveys guaranteed respondents’ confidentiality, they were able to react freely and without fear of being exposed. Tables and pie charts were used to illustrate the quantitative data. In this study, will use descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis under eviews to analyze the data. The results of this research study demonstrated a significant relationship between electronic banking and financial performance. The findings of this study will be useful for other academics who are interested about this issue in future studies, and it will be helpful to develop a new reporting framework. It is recommended to maintain the quality of electronic banking will be an advantage to raise the financial performance of commercial banks of Sri Lanka.
The impact of corporate governance on earnings management in listed companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Weerasooriya, M.A.E.K.; Kaushalya, M. D. P.
Earning management is a very important indicator to any organization as some managers manipulate earnings and the financial statements do not present according to the true and fair value. This study’s objective is to analyse the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management in listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. C.E.O duality (CD), board independence (BDIN), board members with financial expertise (BDFX), number of board meeting (BDMEET), board size (BDSIZE), used as the main indicator of corporate governance and firm size (Size) and return on asset (ROA) used as control variables, Then, discretionary accrual (DA) is applied as the earning management indicator. The study uses secondary data of all listed companies from 2017 to 2021. Data are analysed using regression. The finding of the study shows that board members with Finance expertise and CEO duality negative significant relationship with earning management and board meeting positive significant relationship with earning management, that depict firm which have two separate positions for chief Executive officer and chairman are more effective in reducing earning management, then board may have professionally qualified directors that effect to the Reducing Earning management.
Corporate social responsibility and capital structure of listed companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Gunasinghe, W.R.N.S; Wijekoon, W.M.H.N.
Corporate social responsibility plays a significant role in today’s corporate world. It is a way of describing how companies control and measure their impact on the whole of society. Apart from that, the capital structure plays the main role in the business. This means that the capital structure consists of equity capital and debt capital and it describes how companies finance their operations. The prior researchers conducted research on corporate social responsibility and financial performance, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosures. Given this context, there were few researches available on the impact of corporate social responsibility on capital structure particularly in developing countries. Further, there were no studies on sector comparison relating to the impact of corporate social responsibility on the capital structure of listed companies in the Colombo Stock Exchange. Therefore, to fill this gap, this study aims to analyze the impact of corporate social responsibility on the capital structure of industrial and material sector companies listed in the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka. Further this study will provide fresh insights by comparing two sectors with regard to corporate social responsibility and capital structure. This research will use an index which consists with economic, social, and environmental activities to measure the CSR disclosures. The debt-to-equity ratio was used to measure the capital structure. This research used industrial and material sector companies as the population and 20 companies were selected from each sector as the sample for the study. Data will be collected from annual reports for the period from 2017 to 2021. E- Views analysis software will be used to analyze the data. Accordingly, the findings of this study will offer a better understanding of corporate social responsibility and the capital structure of listed companies in Sri Lanka.
Sustainability reporting disclosures and its impact on firms’ financial performance: a comparative study between banking industry and insurance industry companies in the Colombo stock exchange in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Jayarathne, K.G.T.D.; Tilakasiri, K.K.
Sustainability reporting integrates the organizations’ economic, environmental and social performance towards achieving better financial performance and also it has become a topical issue due to the inadequacy of a definitive model or a rigid regulatory framework in this arena. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to make a comparison between the insurance and banking sectors regarding the level of sustainability reporting disclosure (environmental, social, and economic) and its impact on the financial performance of the firm. The research is a quantitative and deductive study which is based on several theories such as legitimacy, institutional, agency, and stakeholders’ theories. The study used based on pooled data analysis of all the companies in the bank industry and the insurance industry as the sample of the study. It was derived from banking firms and insurance firms from the population of 20 industry categories of the Colombo Stock Exchange which were updated according to the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) on 30th September 2022. The analytical model is built on the independent variable of the sustainability reporting disclosure index and the dependent variables of the model were return on assets and return on equity. To measure the sustainability reporting disclosures, the study developed a sustainability reporting disclosure index by using a set of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines. This GRI guideline has indicated a total of 133 sub-indicators. The result reveals how corporate sustainability reporting practices have changed over time. The findings of the study will mainly be useful for different decision-makers and stakeholders in the banking and insurance sectors; investors, regulators & standard-setting bodies, policymakers, and scholars to improve their knowledge about sustainable reporting practices.
The relationship between public debt and economic growth evidence from Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Kumari, K.W.P.P.; Abeywardhana, D.K.Y.
At present, Sri Lanka is suffering from the disease of economic decline. For that Sri Lankan Central Bank give a massive support to treat for the illness through correct monetary and physical policy to the blood of Sri Lanka. Under supervision of Central Bank monitoring banking sector also give nutrition to the economy. There for this study aim to determine the impact of monetary policy instruments on bank performance in Sri Lanka, and it could be an ideal suggestion to regulators for constructing monetary policy tools that fulfill the Sri Lankan economy's macroeconomic goal as healthy. Various arguments about the relationship between key factors in various countries may be found in the literature study. However, there is a few studies discuss with different monetary tools related this relationship in Sri Lanka. As a result, this study aims to fill a research gap in Sri Lankan monetary policy instruments and bank performance. Hence this study will mainly test the impact of monetary policy Interest Rate (IR) and Statutory Reserve Ratio (SRR) and performance of the banks to achieve this purpose. This research will use the Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Asset (ROA) to measure the performance of the banks. In this study, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis are used to analyze the data there is a strong relationship between monetary policy instruments and commercial bank profitability measures, implying that appropriate monetary and banking policies are important factors in the commercial banking industry's continued stability and profitability. This research has used all the Sri Lankan banks as the population, and 24 commercial banks were selected as the sample for the study. Data will be collected from annual reports for the period from 2016 to 2021. In here assists in making recommendations to the Central Bank, researchers, and financial institutions regarding financial performance and monetary policy rates, and the Central Bank can also focus on the country's macroeconomic situation.
Impact of corporate governance on integrated reporting quality; evidence from listed companies in Colombo stock exchange in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Wimukthi, F.H.C.; Perera, P.R.M.R.
The changing economic and business environment has emphasized the weaknesses of business reporting historical information and financial information. Most investors are currently interested in both financial and non-financial information. As a result, a new business reporting framework named the Integrated Reporting Framework was introduced by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC). This study primarily investigates the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the integrated reporting quality (IRQ) of the listed companies in Sri Lanka. Adopting integrated reporting practices is not a mandatory requirement in Sri Lanka. However many companies voluntarily adopt to an integrated reporting framework to present and disclose their financial and non-financial information in one comprehensive report. Numerous studies have been done to find the impact of corporate governance on IRQ worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a research gap in the Sri Lankan context. This research uses the IRQ index to measure Integrated Reporting Quality. All the listed companies are considered as the population, and 50 companies were selected as the sample for the study. Data to be collected from annual reports for the period from 2018 to 2021. In this study Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis are used to find relationships. Findings will offer a better understanding of the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on integrated reporting quality. Further, the findings will be useful for regulatory bodies to understand the existing level of integrated reporting in Sri Lankan listed companies on the Colombo Stock Exchange, and helpful for developing a common reporting framework. In addition to that, the different other stakeholders, such as present and potential investors, also can use these findings to obtain an understanding of the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on integrated reporting quality.
Determinants of integrated reporting disclosures of award-winning IR-adopted listed companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Thushari, K.A.M.; Wijekoon, W.M.H.N.
Integrated reporting adoption has been increased though it is not a mandatory requirement in many countries around the globe. However, the quality of the disclosures of IR differs between companies. Therefore, the study aims to determine what are the levels of integrated reporting disclosure alignment in annual reports by award-winning IR-adopted listed companies in Sri Lanka and to identify the factors influencing these disclosure levels. The study adopted the quantitative approach of the research. Using a disclosure index, the study assesses the extent to which firms' annual reports include the content elements mandated by the IR Framework. E-views software was used to analyze the quantitative data collected in the study and descriptive analysis, correlation, and regression analysis were performed to achieve the research objectives of the study. The sample consists of 50 award-winning listed companies in Sri Lanka and data was collected from annual reports of these companies from 2017 to 2021. The study will document that, on high, Award-winning listed firms disclose information required by the IIRC Framework. The disclosure levels will positively be associated with board size, board independence, foreign ownership, subcommittees, gender diversification, and financial acumen. The findings of the study will be useful to other non-award-winning companies to understand the characteristics of companies that won an award for IR. Further, the findings of the study provide some insights into the inclusion of the content elements required by the IIRF by the companies. The author offers policymakers recommendations based on their findings on the issue of regulating and implementing IR in Sri Lanka.
Study on use of budgets and related controls by SMES in Sri Lanka (evidence from Monaragala district)
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Sankalpna, K.N.; Munasinghe, M.A.T.K.
Failure to budget has been identified as one of the main reasons for the failure of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study aims to determine the extent to which SMEs in the Monaragala district in Sri Lanka use budgets. Specifically, the study aims to determine the types of budgets used, methods of budgeting employed, the purpose for which budgets are used, the perceived effectiveness of budgets used, and factors that may inhibit SMEs from using budgets. The population comprised owners, managers, and accountants of SMEs operating in the artisanal manufacturing sector in Monaragala district. The sample is made up of 10 manufacturing SMEs in the Monaragala district in Sri Lanka. Data was collected using the interview method and analyzed using the qualitative data analysis function. This study not only fills a gap in the literature on the use of budgets, but it also provides invaluable insights into how SMEs use them. The problem in this scenario is that the budget didn’t take into account things the business knows will happen. When considering the past studies, a partial number of studies have been done in relation to studies on the use of budgets and related controls by SMEs in the Sri Lankan context. Because most researchers focus on budgeting and related controls in the corporate and private sectors as a whole, no research has been conducted in the area of SMEs in the Monaragala District of Sri Lanka. Thus, it is necessary to investigate how SMEs in Monaragala District, Sri Lanka implement budgeting measures.
Mediating Effect of Intellectual Capital on the Relationship between Corporate Governance and the Firm Performance in Listed Financial Sector Companies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Prabhaswara, T.W.A.; Karunaratne, W.V.A.D.
The changing economic and business environment has emphasized the importance of identifying intangible assets like intellectual capital and their relationship with different organizational factors. Some researchers have examined these relationships using different dependent and independent variables related to various industries in various countries. Thus, it is important to investigate the effects of corporate governance on a firm’s performance with the mediating effect of Intellectual Capital (IC). This study is mainly focused on the mediating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance in listed financial sector companies in Sri Lanka. In the Sri Lankan context, we can find only limited literature regarding this area and, there is a research gap also. This research has used listed financial sector companies in CSE, and the whole population were selected as the sample for the study. Data will be collected from annual reports for the period from 2017 to 2021. This research will use operational efficiency and Tobin’s Q as performance indicators of the organization and the Value-Added Intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model to measure intellectual capital. This study will construct the Corporate Governance (CG) index to measure the level of compliance with the code of corporate governance in this study, results of the recursive and non-recursive model of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) are used to analyze the data. Accordingly, the findings of this study will offer a better understanding of the influence CG has on firm performance with the mediating effect of IC. Further. The findings of this study will be useful for regulatory bodies to understand the existing level of CG in Sri Lankan listed financial sector companies on the Colombo Stock Exchange. In addition to that, the finding of the study will be used by the different stakeholders, such as present and potential investors to get an understanding of their decision-making purpose.
The relationship between specific business characteristics and the disclosure of sustainability reporting. evidence from: listed food, beverage, and tobacco companies in sri lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Kashini, S.A.K.K.; Tilakasiri, K.K.
In today’s dynamic and challenging business environment, most of the business organizations do not provide full information on companies’ overall performance as demanded by various parties. Most stakeholders are currently interested in sustainability development. Business stakeholders now demand better knowledge about how environmental, social, and economic impacts are applied into the business strategies and decisions, while also requiring compliance in reporting on daily operations. Organizations that want to be transparent about their economic, environmental, and social activities, on the other hand, can empower stakeholders, promote effective relations with other markets, and make better investment decisions. As a result, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is producing a credible, reliable and sustainable reporting framework for all types of organization. This study primarily investigates the relationship between specific business characteristics and the disclosure of sustainability reporting of the listed food, beverage and tobacco companies in Sri Lanka. Business characteristics refer the financial and operational activities of a firm, that can influence stakeholders’ decisions. This study mainly focused about four specific business characteristics. They are financial leverage, firm’s current value, firm growth and Fixed assets staleness. Even though adopting sustainability reporting is not a mandatory requirement in Sri Lanka, most of the companies voluntarily adopt sustainability reporting framework to present and disclose environment, social and economic impacts. Nevertheless, there is a research gap based on this in the Sri Lankan context. This research will use the stock price per share (VALUE), firm debt ratio (LEV), firm growth (Grow), fixed assets staleness (AGE) to measure the business characteristics. The population of the research included all the listed food, beverage, and tobacco companies and out of that population 25 companies have been selected as the sample for this study. Data will be collected from the annual reports for the period from 2017 to 2021. The study applied, descriptive statistics which describe the mode, median and standard deviation, Correlation coefficient analysis, Regression analysis, ANOVA and R Square techniques to analyze the data. According to the findings, the study will offer a better understanding of the relationship between firm specific business characteristics and the sustainability reporting disclosure, and it will be helpful for different stakeholders, such as present and potential investors, government authorities and practitioners.
Impact of accounting software on business performance: perspective of accounting professionals in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Pradhanage, P.M.U.N.; Rajapaksha, R.M.D.A.P.
As the global economy became more interconnected, businesses from all over the world were forced to compete on a global scale, giving rise to a new set of accounting challenges. Accounting software adoption becomes a crucial aspect in deciding an organization's survival and success as businesses need more information, whether financial or non-financial, to deal with a larger scale of uncertainties in the competitive market. This study's objective is to assess how accounting software systems affect the success of Sri Lankan companies. Utilizing attributes of the accounting software such as efficiency, reliability, ease of use, data quality, and accuracy, which evaluates the performance of the company. The results of this study help the owners and employees of the company to appreciate the value of using the Accounting Information System (AIS) bought through Accounting Software to achieve performance. 100 employees who are familiar with accounting systems were selected as the study's sample from the population of employees in both private and public organizations in the Gampaha District. A questionnaire was used to gather data for the study from company management and employees. The structured questionnaire is divided into two sections: section A questioned about the respondents' personal information for the study, and section B measured how much respondents agree that accounting methods have an impact on organizational performance. Data will be analyzed using the SPSS program. And it is expected to find that all independent variables exist a significant impact on the accounting systems.
Non-performing loans & performance of commercial banks in Sri Lanka: comparison between pre & during covid - 19 pandemic
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Silva, M.T.M.; Perera, W.T.N.M.
The size of non-performing loans (NPLs) plays a key role in the stability of the banking sector of a country. The factors that explain the NPLs contain very important information for banks. This study aims to investigate the relationship between Non- Performing Loans & Performance of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on them. For this purpose, secondary data from the banking sector will be used. The independent variable is non-performing loans, and the dependent variable is the performance of commercial banks that will be used in the analysis. Statistical tools will be used to test research hypotheses including individual correlation and regression analysis. Relationship analysis will be used to find the relationship between the independent variable and the linear regression analysis between the dependent variable to examine the impact of non-performing loans on financial performance from 2011 to 2021. The expected findings of the research are that non-performing loans significantly influence the financial performance of commercial banks in Sri Lanka with a negative relationship. And also, non-performing loans are increasing because of the COVID pandemic. Thus, this study will be useful for bank management personnel to create ideas to protect banks from crisis and to enhance the performance of banks.
The skills, practical knowledge, academic, and professional qualification for forensic accountants in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Sandamini, S.D.N.; Sujeewa, G.M.M.
Employers in the modern world have a high demand for forensic accountants. However, job holders are unable to meet these standards since they lack the necessary credentials in the field of forensic accounting. This study mainly focused on skills, practical experience, academic qualifications, and professional qualifications to be a forensic accountant in Sri Lanka. This research gathered primary data from 40 Professional accountants in public practice and business practice in Sri Lanka. The majority of professional accountants have accounting, finance, and forensic accounting-related degrees, and completed forensic accounting-related courses and diplomas given by reputable institutions like CA, ACCA, and CIMA. Multidisciplinary skills and more than five years of practical knowledge and experience must be a forensic accountant according to the analysis. According to the findings of this study, job candidates should have accounting, finance, or forensic accounting-related degrees and professional qualification related to the forensic accounting field, multidisciplinary skills, and more than five years of experience in the general accounting field.
The impact of cash conversion cycle on firms’ profitability: a study of food, beverage and tobacco companies listed in CSE
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Imanjalee, I.H.; Gunasekara, U.L.T.P.
One of the most popular metrics for assessing and measuring the risks and returns related to liquidity management is the cash conversion cycle (CCC). Every business organization must keep an eye on the elements affecting profitability because they are all highly concerned with how to maintain and increase profitability. The objective of this study is to empirically find the effect of the cash conversion cycle on the corporate profitability of the Food beverage & Tobacco companies listed in CSE. The profitability was measured in terms of Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA). The CCC was determined by the Inventory Conversion Period (ICP), Debtor Conversion Period (DCP), and Payable Conversion Period (PCP). Analyzing a sample of 20 randomly drawn companies listed in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) in Food beverage & Tobacco companies over ten years from 2012 to 2021. This research is using secondary data. Data are gathered from the published annual report of the companies on CSE website. The influence and association between CCC and profitability were estimated in this study using statistical methods of regression and correlation.