ICBI 2016

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/15346

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Analysis of the Impact of Lean Manufacturing Practices on the Operational Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ratnajeewa, D.R.; Liyanaarachchi, B.P.T.
The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of lean manufacturing practices on the operational performance of pharmaceutical industry. Case study method is used and the operational performance of the manufacturing process before and after implementation of lean manufacturing is measured. Hypothesis testing was done to find out whether there is a significant change before and after implementation of lean manufacturing. Data was collected from the system on wastage and downtime for eleven months including pre-implementation and post-implementation. The t-test was used for analysis and hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence level using SPSS. Findings show that there is a significant improvement between the mean bulk wastage, jar wastage mean value, mean batch change over downtime, mean label reel change over downtime and total mean downtime before lean manufacturing implementation and afterwards (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant improvement of operational performance after implementation of lean manufacturing and further implementation of lean manufacturing practices for other pharmaceutical organizations is recommended.
Assessing the Impact of Learning Culture on Organizational Outcomes: A Case of Miami Exports (PVT) LTD
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Premachandre, D.T.
Learning and development has become inevitable in order to survive in today’s changing environment. Thus, learning and development has become a critical concept for researchers. However, previous studies have failed to clearly stress on its impact on organizational outcomes. Hence this study addresses the problem of “what is the impact of learning culture on organizational outcomes”. Its main focus is to identify the impact of learning culture on employee retention and employee motivation. This is an exploratory study which analyzes using a qualitative approach. It is conducted as a holistic case study based on Miami Exports (Pvt) Ltd in Sri Lanka. The target population for the research is the employees of Miami Exports and 25 employees who worked in the Homagama branch was selected as the sample. The research findings clarifies that there is a direct impact of learning culture on retention however the impact on motivation is not much apparent.
Awareness on ICT Components among Grama Niladhari Officers in the Western Province, Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dias, K.S.N.; Abeygunawardana, R.A.B.
This paper presents the results of Analysis of ICT Awareness among Grama Niladhari Officers (GNO) in Western Province, Sri Lanka. The GNO is the focal point for all Government administrative work with Home Affairs. Therefore, it is useful for them to have better ICT knowledge. The main objective of the study is to identify the awareness of ICT in GNOs. A Sample of 335 were selected from a total of 2,497 GNOs via stratified random sampling techniques. The data were collected via face-to-face interviews and the postal method. Though the exploratory analysis it was found that their level of awareness was high on: Computer, Internet and Emailing and Printer, but proficiency low on Tab, Multimedia, Projector and Scanner. Finally, it can be conclude that ICT components should be popularized among GNOs and their employers should improve socio-economic status and ICT knowledge perceptions of GNOs.
Comparative Study of Impact of Innovation on Business Performance of Dlog PLC and Mtel PLC
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Herath, T.; Rajapaksha, U.G.
Telecommunication is one of the competitive and innovative industries in Sri Lanka. The current study is conducted with the objective of examining the relationship between innovation and business performance and to identify what gives Dlog PLC the superior business performance compared to Mtel PLC in term of product innovation and marketing innovation comparatively. Research strategy was considered as survey method. Product innovation and marketing innovation are considered as independent variables. Business performance is considered as dependent variable. The target population is customers of Dlog PLC and Mtel PLC. Sample profile of 70 is selected for the collection of quantitative data through semi-structured questionnaires using simple random sampling method. The data was analyzed using ordinal logistics regression analysis model with the aid of SPSS. The final outcome of the research shows product innovation has more impact on business performance of Dlog PLC than marketing innovation compared to Mtel PLC.
Comparative Study on Efficiency of Bank of Ceylon and People’s Bank in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Selvamalai, T.
The current study measures and compares the technical efficiency of Bank of Ceylon and People’s Bank in Sri Lanka between 2004 and 2015 by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The study mainly used input oriented Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (CCR) model and Banker, Charnes and Cooper’s (BCC) model of DEA. The study selected one output variable (Net profit before taxation) and two inputs variables (Loans and advances, and liabilities). The data was gathered from various Annual Reports of both Bank of Ceylon and People’s Bank. The study found that, in general, People’s Bank was more efficient than Bank of Ceylon in Sri Lanka, even though Bank of Ceylon was more efficient than People’s Bank in 2012 and 2013. The main source of technical inefficiency is scale inefficiency than pure technical inefficiency in both banks.
Contribution of Generation Z Characteristics on Brand Dilution: A Case on Phone Industry Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Pemerathna, A.H.S.
The Underlying intention of this research is to identify the significance of generation Z idiosyncrasy and its influence on the brand dilution. This research would try to correlate the social characteristics of the mentioned generations and the consequential brand impact on modern business. Literature review was abstracted on the cultural aspects buyer behaviors and attitude movements of the generation Z, while the realism ontology was followed in creating the research methodology with interviews. Qualitative tools and methodologies were used to collect data and the interviews were the main tool while patterns identified through data coding. Analysis has proven that digital divine has limited the Sri Lankan society from all transformed anti millennia generation, where claimed personalities of Generation Z as well known it mostly exist in urban societies than rural. However, the backbone characteristics like social media, brand waring personality is commonly found in both the categories. While contributing to the academia of the country the research is expected to shade light on the marketing fraternity and top brand decision makers who would look up to sell most of their products to this new Generation.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Panditharathna, K.M.
This study examines the relationships between corporate governance attributes on firm performance of listed financial sector companies in Sri Lanka. Empirical analysis focused on 56 companies registered in the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) covering the industries of banking, finance and insurance for the years 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. The study used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to analyze the data. The study finds that relationship between corporate governance and firm performance are not strong. Board size, proportion of independent directors and the proportion of female directors have not significant relationship with performance measures. But board effectiveness has a significant positive relationship with ROE. This study enables to companies to evaluate and restructuring of their board to enhance the performance of the company while contributing to the economic development of the country. Findings of prior study are more focused to the developed countries. This study fills that research gap and contribute to the present literature on corporate governance in the industries of banking finance and insurance.
Credit Risk Management and Shareholder Value Creation: With Special Reference to Listed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Perera, L.A.S.; Morawakage, P.S.
The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of credit risk management on the shareholder value in listed commercial banks in Sri Lanka. The research has used only the secondary data for the purpose of the analysis and the sources of data include the annual reports of selected quoted public banks in Sri Lanka. This study employed return on shares to measure the shareholder value while non-performing ratio, capital adequacy ratio and loans to deposits ratio have been used as the indicators of the credit risk management of the banks. Regression models were employed to do the empirical analysis. Further the output obtained from the SPSS package was used to interpret the findings. The findings reveal that credit risk management has a significant effect on shareholder value in all eight banks. Among the three credit risk management indicators, Non-Performing Loan Ratio (NPLR) has the most significant effect on the return on shares. Through the results of the study, it can be concluded that null hypothesis can be rejected since there is a significant relationship between credit risk management and shareholder value.
Critical Success Factors of Public Private Partnership in Hydropower Sector of Nepal
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Gautam, C.M.
This paper aims to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) of public private partnership (PPPs). The study was based on a survey among 141 respondents selected under random sampling. The study revealed that project technical feasibility, favorable legal framework, good governance, transparency procurement process and macro-economic condition were the most CSFs of PPPs. The comparative analysis of rank, found that among the 21 CSFs, four factors: macro- economic condition, employment opportunities, government’s technical support and government’s managerial support, were ranked the same by the public and private sector respondents. It is concluded that technical feasibility and favorable legal framework has made the PPPs in hydropower sector successful in Nepal. This study offers some insights for public and private sectors concerning the successful implementation of PPPs in hydropower and other sectors.
Customer Purchase Intention towards Environmental Friendly Vehicles in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Yatigammana, M.R.K.N.; Kawshala, H.
Nowadays more consumers in Sri Lanka are buying environmental friendly vehicles such as hybrid and electric vehicles. Influential factors for environmental friendly vehicles is addressed differently by different scholars. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence for the purchase intention of buying an environmental friendly vehicle among Sri Lankan consumers. The data is collected from 120 registered vehicle owners and prospective vehicle owners using snowball-sampling method with the help of a structured questionnaire. According to regression analysis, awareness of environmental friendly vehicles, environmental knowledge and subjective norms has a significant influence on purchase intention of environmental friendly vehicles in Sri Lanka. As per results, the researcher has also come up with the managerial implications of the study and recommendations. Limitations of this study are the limited sample size and only a few variables were examined due to time constraints. This paper intends to make a contribution to the hybrid vehicle marketers to enhance their knowledge on customer behavior of buying an environmental friendly vehicle.
Debt Capital and Financial Performance: A Study of South African Companies
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Magoro, K.M.R.; Abeywardhana, D.K.Y.
The purpose of this study is to examine how debt capitals of the listed companies operating in the wholesale and retail sector of South Africa affect their financial performance. The study used a panel data sample of 25 South African wholesale and retail sector companies to examine the impact of debt capital on the financial performance of companies over the 2011-2015 period. Fixed-effects (within) regression model was used on the accounting-based-measures of profitability and financial performance. The study confirms that debt capital, in terms of short-term debt and long-term debt, has a negative impact on the financial performance of wholesale and retail sector companies of South Africa. The findings of this research will help South African wholesalers and retailers to understand the impact of debt capital on company performances. This study will help them make decisions that will ensure profit maximization and reduction of costs associated with debt, and ultimately, maximization of shareholders’ wealth. This study gives special focus to the wholesale and retail sector as it seeks to pioneer the addressing of root causes and reasons of research contradictions in this study area.
Determinants of Corporate Internet Financial Reporting: Evidence from Top Twenty Listed Companies in Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Priyadarshani, P.L.W.; Regina, A.L.V.
Disseminating financial information via internet is one strategy to facilitate decision makers, capture wider audience and to disclose more information than what is possible from traditional paper – based reporting. Current study focused to establish the level and the determinants of Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) done by listed companies in Sri Lanka. Consequently top twenty listed companies in Sri Lanka was surveyed since they assist both local and international investors to gauge the performance of the equity market. The level of IFR is measured by IFR index composed with Disclosure Content and Presentation Format elements. The study disclosed the level of IFR is above average and it is significantly and positively influenced by Company Size, Profitability, Leverage and Liquidity whereas significantly and negatively influenced by Ownership Concentration. Findings of this study assist and inform regulators about the characteristics of listed companies that are and are not satisfy domestic and international investors’ demand on online information.
Determinants of Income Diversification Strategies among Tea Smallholders in Badulla District, Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dharmadasa, R.A.P.I.S.; Chamalka, S.H.
This paper investigates the determinants on income diversification using 300 tea small holders in Badulla, Passara, Hali-ela and Attampitiya tea inspector ranges. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the determinants of income diversification. The results indicate that tea smallholders with old experienced educated household heads and more family labor diversify income into different sources. Number of schooling children, number of old dependents also stimulate income diversification while households with male household heads, lager land extent and presence of male and female members above the age of fifteen demotivate diversification activities. A censored Tobit regression model was used to find the determinants of the degree of income diversification measured by the Simpsons Index of Diversity (SID). Average value of SID is 0.296 indicating low level of income diversification in tea smallholders in Badulla District. Age and education level of the household head, family size, experience on tea cultivation, family labor availability, presence of children below age six are positive significant factors while land extent and land ownership are negative significant factors affecting degree of diversification.
Determinants of Personal Telecommunication Expenditure of Youth: With Special Reference to Balangoda Divisional Secretariat Division
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Fernando, W.S.P.; Gunarathna, A.M.I.
This research has been conducted to identify the factors which affect the personal telecommunication expenditure of youth. The selected population for this research was the young people who live in urban, rural and estate sectors in Balangoda Divisional Secretariat area. Balangoda Divisional Secretariat area is comprised with 53 Grama Niladhari Divisions. Among those 53 Grama Niladari Divisions, 6 Grama Niladari Divisions such as Balangoda town and Thumbagoda represent the urban sector, Rassagala and Kiridigala represent the rural sector, Pettigala and Kirimatitenna represent the estate sector. As the initial step, 120 youth were selected for the sample which represents the urban, rural and estate sector where each sector represents 40 individuals. Cluster sampling method was used to categorize individuals according to their living sector. The data were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis and Chi-Square test. In this analysis, the telecommunication expenditure was the dependent variable and independent variables were, monthly income or transfers received, the mostly used type of mobile device, number of devices in possess, amount of sms/mms messages send per day, the type of the default mobile connectivity and amount of family members. Separate models were run for the three sectors (urban, rural and estate) and it was found that, the type of mostly used mobile device by an individual and monthly income or transfers received by an individual were the only significant factors for the urban sector. Monthly income or transfers received, amount of sms/mms send per day by an individual, number of mobile devices possessed by an individual and number of family members were significant for the rural sector. In the estate sector, monthly income or transfers receive and family members were the only significant variables according to the findings.
Do Supply Chain Management Practices Contribute Firm Competitiveness? A Study based on Medium Scale Entrepreneurial Firms in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Wijetunge, W.A.D.S.; Ranwala, R.S.
It is evident that supply chain management (SCM) practices are widely practiced by large scale and established business organizations as benchmark. Not only large firms but also small and medium scale businesses are required to follow these practices to achieve the growth. Further, present business environment is very competitive and organizations should face this as a challenge. This study empirically investigate the impact of supply chain management on competitiveness. Sample consists of 327 production managers of medium scale entrepreneurial firms (manufacturing sector) in Colombo district. The analyzed data supports the hypotheses revealing that higher the level of involvement in SCM practices higher the competitiveness. Further, it found that except level of information quality and lean practices, other practices of SCM (strategic partnership with suppliers, customer relationship, level of information sharing and internal supply chain process are significant factors that affect firm competitiveness.
Effect of Government Debt on Gross Domestic Product: Evidence from Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Silva, N.L.C.; Silva, N.K.L.; Perera, P.R.M.R.
This paper investigates the relationship between government debt and gross domestic product (GDP) of Sri Lanka. Objective of this study is to find out the relationship between these two variables and the impact of government debt on economic growth. Data was collected from the annual reports of Central Bank of Sri Lanka, which has proven to be normally distributed. Correlation and Linear Regression model were used to ascertain the mentioned relationships. Data sample represents the annual time series data for a period of 15 years starting from 2000 to 2014. The results of the study is consistent with the Keynes view which proves that there is a positive impact of government debt on Gross Domestic Product.
The Effect of Project Management Practices on Undergraduate Events’ Success: With Reference to Undergraduate Clubs in University of Kelaniya
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Wimalasiri, H.S.
Universities are encouraged to help undergraduate clubs and societies because it helps develop undergraduate skills. These clubs have a responsibility to contribute to undergraduate’s skill development through their activities. With the understanding of undergraduate activities, the researcher identified a problem which happens in every undergraduate event that is there is no proper way to measure the success of these events. The researcher used project management practices as a yardstick to measure the success of events. The researcher resorted to qualitative methodology in which direct interviews were conducted with 30 leaders who led main events for their clubs in the University of Kelaniya. According to the findings everyone works relevant to ten knowledge areas in Project Management, but they were not aware of it. But most of them like to improve the knowledge in these areas, because they have only understood with their experience not from the theoretical way. If the university is interested in these findings, it will be beneficial to conduct successful undergraduate events through the development of the leaders who have good knowledge on Project management.
The Effect of Social Marketing Techniques on Developing Sri Lanka as an Attractive Tourist Destination
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) de Alwis, L.; Neelawala, P.
Tourism is an area in which research has been frequently conducted; however, research on social marketing and tourism has been limited and has been neglected over the years especially in Sri Lanka. This research is focused on two main objectives. The first objective is to identify the effect of social marketing when selecting Sri Lanka as a tourist destination. The second objective is to identify the significance of location when attracting tourists. The data were collected by using a questionnaire distributed among 141 local and foreign tourists who have visited the given locations. A multiple regression analysis was used for the analysis and all the variables were significant. According the results of the study, social marketing does have an effect on popularizing Sri Lanka as an attractive tourist destination among tourists; this thereby has an impact on the experience of tourists.
Effect of Technology on Sri Lankan IT Employees' Turnover Intention
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Abilashini, T.; Rajapaksha, U.G.
IT industry is one of the most concerned industry for employee turnover, which is contradict to the growth of business. Regardless, generation gaps plays a major role in the issue, while technology plays the impactful role on individuals. The main objective of the study is to identify the impact of technological consequences has on employee’s turnover intention. Primarily the consequences were selected based on literature reviews. Deductive methodology was chosen as an approach of the research. Findings derived based on responses from IT industry representatives and analyzed using quantitative techniques. Specimen sufficiency measured by the KMO Bartlett's test, remained at 0.795 alongside a Cronbach Alpha estimation of 0.748. Results indicated that while Job security, Accountability, worker engagement, real time feedback has a negative relationship with employee turnover intention, while social exposure has a positive relationship with worker turnover intention.
Effects of Health and Safety Measures on Job Performance of Technical Staff: With Reference to Port Industry in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Perera, P.S.W.; Rajapaksha, U.G.
In a work environment where Employee Health and Safety and Organizational Profit Maximization is highly prioritized, it is of high importance to identify and understand the effects Health and Safety Measures have on Job Performance. Thus this study addresses to understand the effects of Health and Safety Measures on Job Performance of Technical Staff focusing Port Industry in Sri Lanka. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire from a sample of 100 technical employees and from a semi-structured interview with a safety officer. Since the study comprised of a mix approach, statistical estimation of quantitative components of the collected data were done by ordinal regression logit model using SPSS (version 22) software while qualitative components were analyzed using thematic approach. The quantitative analysis revealed a positive and a significant relationship between health and safety measures and Job performance of technical staff and the qualitative analysis further supported the quantitative research findings leading to the conclusion that there is a positive impact of health and safety measures on job performance.