Browsing by Author "Rajapaksha, A."

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Depiction of Mental Disorders in Human Behavior Through Cinema: Related to Ashoka Handagama’s Cinematic Approach
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Wijayasinghe, A.; Rajapaksha, A.
According to the Critics, cinema can be considered as the most powerful medium of art which can be used to deliver powerful messages towards the human society. In that aspect, the director of the film has a major responsibility in creating and delivering such messages to the audience through using creative elements of cinema. Most number of directors tries to reveal the unseen reality of human life through the cinema. Ashoka Handagama can be considered as a director who always tries to reveal the bitter truth of human nature through his cinematic approach. Most number of cinema creations done by Handagama created a controversial atmosphere in the Sri Lankan society. Some of his cinema creations were banned due to that reason. But Handagama tried to reveal some human mental disorders which prevailed in the Sri Lankan society where the public do not like to accept it. This research mainly focused on how Handagama tried to depict mental disorders of human nature through his cinematic approach. Content analysis and in-depth Interviews were used as the research methods to collect data regarding this. According to the data which was collected from the above methods, clearly suggest that number of mental disorders in human behavior had depicted through Ashoka Handagama’s cinematic approach. At the same time, these disorders have rally prevailed in the society where public do not like to accept that reality. In this context, Handagama’s cinema becomes controversial which paved the way for banning his films.
Embryological Remnants of the Thyroid Gland and their Significance in Thyroidectomy
(Jaypee Journals, 2014) Fernando, R.; Rajapaksha, A.; Ranasinghe, N.; Gunawardhana, D.
Embryological Remnants of the Thyroid and Their Significance in Thyroidectomy Prof Ranil Fernando The Thyroid gland develops from the floor of the primitive pharynx & parts of the ultimobranchial body and descends into the anterior triangles of the neck. It is functional around the 7th week of gestation. There are anomalies associated with the embryological development which give rise to recognizable clinical disease in patients. The Thyroid gland may be absent, fail to descend, remnants of descent left in the neck or the thyroid gland may descend too far. All these are well recognized clinical entities. In addition, there are three (3) significant embryological components which are well recognized and need to be identified and removed during Thyroidectomy. These are the Pyramidal lobe, Tubercle of Zuckerkandl, and the Thyrothymic remnants. It is important to carefully dissect and identify these embryological remnants not only to prevent recurrence, but also because these are in close proximity to important structures such as the recurrent laryngeal Nerve and parathyroid gland and they assist the surgeon in identifying these important anatomical structure that need preservation. Recurrent goitres are mainly due to the embryological remnants left behind especially in the subtotal thyroidectomy era. These recurrences can isolated or occur in combination. Commonly recurrence from all three remnants is found. In our experience the Pyramidal lobe recurrences and tubercle of Zuckerkandl are found in about 50- 60% of the patients and the Thyrothymic remnants are found in about 30- 40 % of the patients Surgery for recurrent disease is fraught with danger and a sound knowledge of embryological remnants will enable an experienced surgeon to undertake redo thyroid surgery safely.
Morphology of the tubercle of Zuckerkandl and its importance in thyroid surgery
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2015) Rajapaksha, A.; Fernando, R.; Ranasinghe, N.; Iddagoda, S.
The tubercle of Zuckerkandl (ZT) is an embryological remnant of the thyroid gland. Its close relationship to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) makes it an important surgical landmark. Presence and size of the ZT was prospectively assessed during thyroidectomies done at a single surgicalunit during 2013. Eighty patients were included in the study. Closest distance and relationship of the ZT to the RLN was measured. Median age was 48 years (range 20-75 years). The ZT was present in 72 (90%) patients at least on one side and 55 (69%) patients on both sides. Grade III tubercles were found in 17 (21.25%) patients. Average distance between RLN and the ZT was 1.2 mm posteriorly or posteromedially. In the majority (79%) RLN was lying at a distance of ≤1 mm. Pressure symptoms were present in 19 (23.75%) patients and it was not related to the presence of grade III tubercles (p = 0.207).