Browsing by Author "Kannangara, S. D. P."

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Antioxident activitiy and α-amylase activity of pressurized water extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.) bark oil.
(International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Wariyapperuma, W. A. N. M.; Jayawardena, B. M.; Kannangara, S. D. P.; Wijayasinghe, Y. S.; Skandaraja, S.
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is an evergreen plant widely grown across Asia as a spice and to extract its essential oil. The composition of essential oil, obtained from different parts of the plant differ in chemical composition. Further, the extraction method would also influence the chemical composition of the essential oil. The aim of the current study was to examine the use of pressurized water to extract oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark and to determine whether this extraction method would give a higher quality oil with enhanced anti-diabetic properties. Bark of Ceylon Cinnamon was powdered and extracted using pressurized water (0.098 MPa). The extract was tested for the total phenolic content (TPC), percentage reducing activity, content of condensed tannin and IC50 values for α-amylase inhibition using Folin-ciocalteu method, vanillin assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay respectively. The extract obtained by soxhlet extraction was used as a control. The results showed that percentage yield, the content of total phenolic and content of condensed tannin were 4.24%, 0.065 g gallic acid equivalent/ g extract and 0.012 g catechin equivalent/g extract, while those for the control were 5.16%, 0.19 and 0.015 respectively. The ferric reducing power and the pancreatic α-amylase inhibition (IC50 value) were 203.71 and 50.03 μg/mL for pressurized extract and 260.20 and 38.91 μg/mL for control respectively. Present study reveals that cinnamon bark oil obtained using pressurized water has comparable values for phenolic content, reducing power and α-amylase inhibition compared to soxhlet extraction.
The Groundwater Geochemistry and the Human Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water in an Area with a High Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu), Sri Lanka
(Journal of Chemistry, 2021) Botheju, W. S. M.; Liyanage, J. A.; Kannangara, S. D. P.; Corchado, J.
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has become an alarming health issue in Sri Lanka. ,e disease is more notable among farming communities and people who consume groundwater as their main source of drinking water. To assess the possible links between drinking water chemistry and expansion of CKDu, the study was compared with hydrogeochemical data of drinking water sources in a CKDu prevalent area (Girandurukotte GND, Badulla District) and a reference area (Dambethalawa GND, Ampara District) in Sri Lanka. Based on the results, nephrotoxic heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Pb, and As) concentrations were significantly higher in the CKDu prevalent site than the reference area, compromised the harmful consequences to the people in the CKDu hotspot. Results of the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation tool indicated the nephrotoxic heavy metals contents including Cd, Pb, As, and Cr in CKDu hotspot were changed in the ranges of 9.78–187.25 μg/L, 0.08–0.66 μg/L, 20.76–103.30 μg/L, and 0.03–0.34 μg/L. ,e random distribution patterns were shown by the result in Moran’s index values. Noteworthy, the results have emphasized a strong association between fluoride and water hardness. ,e frequency of occurrence above the threshold limit of fluoride was 28% in non-CKDu water samples, while 81% in CKDu prevalent sites. ,e hardness values in the CKDu prevalent site indicated “moderately hard water,” while the non-CKDu area indicated the “soft water.” Furthermore, this paper quantified overall water quality and heavy metal contamination and assessed the human health risks associated with drinking water. According to the results of the water quality index, 90% of the samples in the CKDu prevalent area were classified as “poor water” and “very poor water” for drinking purposes, while 73.33% of the samples in the non-CKDu area were “good” and “excellent” for drinking usage. Calculated chronic daily intake (CDIoral) and hazard quotient (HQoral) of nephrotoxicants were higher in CKDu hotspot than the non-CKDu site. Besides, the hazard index (HI) values obtained for the CKDu prevalent area exceeding the acceptable limit (HI � 1) indicated potential health risks to the people in those areas. ,is study suggests that long-term exposure to nephrotoxic heavy metals, water hardness, and fluoride present in drinking water may threaten human health and affect kidney functions. ,erefore, regular monitoring and better management of water supplies in CKDu prevalent areas are essential to determine the contamination load and reduce the health impacts due to excessive and longterm exposure to the nephrotoxicants.
Pressured Water Extraction and Solvent Extraction of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.) Bark and Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Properties.
(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Wariyapperuma, W. A. N. M.; Kannangara, S. D. P.; Wijayasinghe, Y. S.; Skandaraja, S.; Jayawardena, B. M.
Pressured water extraction (PWE) is an environmentally friendly technique that has been used to extract anti-diabetic substances than solvent extraction. In the present study, Ceylon Cinnamon(CC, Cinnamomum zeylanicum)was selected as a natural source for anti-diabetic agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory potential of α-amylase and αglucosidase by CC bark extracts and to compare the efficiency of the extract with antidiabetic properties from CC by PWE and solvent extraction. The dried bark of CC was powdered and extracted using pressured water (PW, 0.098 MPa), microwave digestion (MD), steam distillation (SD) and soxhlet extraction (SE) with 75% ethanol. The resultant extract from SE was fractionated with hexane. Each extract was tested for the total phenolic content (TPC) and content of proanthocyanidin (PC) using Folin-Ciocalteu method and vanillin assay respectively. IC50 values of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions by the extracts were determined. Acarbose was used as the positive control. Table 1: TPC, PC and IC50 values of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions As per the results in table 1 CC water extract obtained by pressured water and aqueous layer from SE have high anti-diabetic properties compared to the other extractions. IC50 values of α-amylase and αglucosidase inhibitions by the acarbose were 95.06±6.84 and 172.52±12.06 respectively. The financial assistance provided by National Science Foundation (SP/CIN/2016/03) is highly appreciated.