Browsing by Author "Jayasinghe, J.A.P."

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    Gross anatomical variations of lumbar vasculature among Sri Lankan adults: a cadaveric study
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2003) Karunanayake, A.L.; Jayasinghe, J.A.P.; Wijayaratne, L.S.; Pathmeswaran, A.
    BACKGROUND: Lumbar arteries supply intervertebral discs, vertebrae, muscles and ligaments in the lumbar region. Lumbar arteries can get damaged during urological and vascular surgery. According to textbooks of anatomy there are four pairs of lumbar arteries arising as individual stems from abdominal aorta and they travel posterior to crura of the diaphragm. There are no published studies in Sri Lanka either confirming this or describing the variations of lumbar arteries. OBJECTIVE: To describe the anatomy of lumbar arteries with regard to their numbers, origin and pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive study was done on cadavers in anatomy departments of Kelaniya, Colombo and Sri Jayawardenepura Universities. Lumbar arteries were cleared from the origin of the abdominal aorta up to the point of passing deep to the Psoas major muscle. Their origin, number and pathway were noted. RESULTS: Dissected 109 cadavers. Ages ranged 43 -90 years. Mean age 70 years (SD 13.6). Males constituted 57% of the sample. The number of lumbar arteries varied from 3-5 pairs. In 12% of cadavers lumbar arteries originated as a common stem from the aorta and divided into two. These arteries traveled anterior to crura of the diaphragm in 17% of cadavers. CONCLUSIONS: There were variations with regard to the number, origin from abdominal aorta and pathway of lumbar arteries from what is described in textbooks. These findings will be useful for surgeons performing retroperitoneal surgery.
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    New bone formation in fractured head of the femur. A study using the scanning electron microscope
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 1997) Jayasinghe, J.A.P.
    INTRODUCTION: In senile osteoporosis, thinning and loss of irabeculae in tlie proximal end of ilie lemur leads to hip fractures. New bone formation in ihe form of thickening of remaining irabeculae and microcallus formation around stressed and cracked trabeculae has been demonstrated to occur both before and after fractures. I lowever, formation of an effective trabecular architecture to compensate for lost bone lias not been demonstrated to date. OBJECTIVE: To assess new bone formation in head of Jhe femur associated with hip fracture. METHOD: Femoral heads removed from 22 patients (15 fe¬males 8 males aged from 58 to 82 years) were fro/en and cut into 4 mm thick sections. Macerated specimens were made superficially anorganic by treating them with 1 lydro-gen Peroxide; coated with Platinum and examined under a Scanning Electron M icroscope. RESULTS: Microcallus formation on irabeculae showing different morphological appearance was evident in most specimens. Evidence of bone remodelling was observed on surfaces of these calluses. Irregular deposition of mineral nodules was seen on the fracture face of five specimens indicating that they may have been deposited after the fracture has occurred. The presence of growing trabecular patterns made up of woven bone from ihe remaining irabeculae was observed in six specimens; a phenomenon hitherto not described. Their morphology suggested dial they have been growing before the fracture has occurred. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest a reparalory mechanism resulting in growth of new interconnected trabcculae occurring prior to tlie fracture in a femoral head consequent to bone thinning in senile osteoporosis